A novel polysaccharide derived from algae extract induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human gastric carcinoma MKN45 cells via ROS/JNK signaling pathway

Abstract

In recent years, interest in biological activities of compounds from marine organisms has intensified. Cancer is the most principal enemy for human life and health. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we investigated a novel algae-derived polysaccharide for its role in inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human gastric carcinoma MKN45 cells. We found that the novel polysaccharide suppressed MKN45 cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis and arrested the cells at G2/M phase. Furthermore, we observed that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the phosphorylation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p53, caspase-9 and -3 were induced in the polysaccharide-treated MKN45 cells. In addition, pretreatment with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and SP600125, the inhibitor of ROS and JNK, induced MKN45 cell proliferation, prevented the cell apoptosis and released the cells from cycle arrest. Finally, we found that pretreatment with NAC prevented the JNK, p53, caspase-9 and -3 protein phosphorylation induced by the polysaccharide, however, pretreatment with SP600125 did not affect the generation of ROS, suggesting that ROS is upstream of JNK. Taken together, the novel polysaccharide induced cancer cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycle via ROS/JNK signaling pathway.

Apoptotic effects of hsian‐tsao (Mesona procumbens Hemsley) on hepatic stellate cells mediated by reactive oxygen species and ERK, JNK, and caspase‐3 pathways

“…We investigated the pharmacological effects of HTE on HSCs using multiple approaches and found that it induces apoptosis through ROS production via the p38, JNK, and caspase‐3‐dependent pathways. Many studies have demonstrated the role of HSC activation in liver fibrosis and have highlighted the significance of HSC‐induced apoptosis in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis (Friedman, ; Issa et al, ; Jia et al, ; Kuo et al, ; Mederacke et al, ; Puche et al, ; von Schwarzenberg & Vollmar, ; Xie, Fujii, Zhao, Shinohara, & Matsukura, ). Therefore, we hypothesize that hsian‐tsao may potently inhibit HSC viability through ROS production via the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways.…”

A novel polysaccharide derived from algae extract inhibits cancer progression via JNK, not via the p38�MAPK signaling pathway

“…Following treatment with the polysaccharide (100 μ g/ml) or SP600125 (5 μ M), MCF-7 cells (1×10 5 cells/well) were further incubated for 48 h. The cells were rinsed with serum-free medium and were incubated in 5 μ M H2-DCFDA for 60 min at 37°C. The cells were then examined under a fluorescence microscope (C1-T-SM; Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), collected and subjected to a fluorescence spectrophotometry (F-2500; Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) to detect the DCF fluorescence inside cells (excitation, 488 nm; emission, 521 nm) as described ( 8 ).…”

“…A novel polysaccharide derived from algae extract has been previously investigated. The biological activity of this novel polysaccharide was first investigated using retinal pigment epithelial cells ( 7 ), and the effect in inhibiting human gastric carcinoma MKN45 cells was also reported recently ( 8 ). The current study aimed to determine if this extract affects other types of cancers, and the signaling pathways involved.…”

“…Based on the conclusions of our previous experiments using MKN45 cells ( 8 ), in the current study, MCF-7 cells were used to investigate the effect of the novel polysaccharide on the development of cancer, and to understand the mechanisms involved in the processes. The novel polysaccharide derived from algae extract suppressed MCF-7 cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and activating the JNK signal pathway involving p53, caspase-9 and caspase-3.…”

The Influence of Spirulina platensis Filtrates on Caco-2 Proliferative Activity and Expression of Apoptosis-Related microRNAs and mRNA

“…Micro- and macro-algal extracts have become important sources of bioactive molecules with anti-cancer properties [1,2,3,4]. Their cytotoxic effect was established for various cancer cell lines, for example, human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2) [5], human breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7) [6], but also human colon carcinoma cell lines, including Caco-2 [7,8,9].…”