A novel polybenzoxazine containing styrylpyridine structure via the Knoevenagel reaction

Zhang, Huachuan; Li, Min; Deng, Yuyuan; Zhang, Chengxi; Ran, Qichao; Gu, Yi

doi:10.1002/app.40823

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Heating the resultant polymer to higher temperature suppressed the formation of styrylpyridine-containing polybenzoxazine. This leads to a remarkably enhanced thermal stability due to occurrence of the intra- or inter-molecular Knoevenagel condensation reactions between benzaldehyde and methylpyridine groups as shown in Figure 59 b, as indicated by FTIR studies [ 376 ].…”

Section: Acceleration Of the Rate Of Polymerization Via Intermolecular Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on the Accelerated and Low-Temperature Polymerization of Benzoxazine Resins: Addition Polymerizable Sustainable Polymers

et al. 2021

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Due to their outstanding and versatile properties, polybenzoxazines have quickly occupied a great niche of applications. Developing the ability to polymerize benzoxazine resin at lower temperatures than the current capability is essential in taking advantage of these exceptional properties and remains to be most challenging subject in the field. The current review is classified into several parts to achieve this goal. In this review, fundamentals on the synthesis and evolution of structure, which led to classification of PBz in different generations, are discussed. Classifications of PBzs are defined depending on building block as well as how structure is evolved and property obtained. Progress on the utility of biobased feedstocks from various bio-/waste-mass is also discussed and compared, wherever possible. The second part of review discusses the probable polymerization mechanism proposed for the ring-opening reactions. This is complementary to the third section, where the effect of catalysts/initiators has on triggering polymerization at low temperature is discussed extensively. The role of additional functionalities in influencing the temperature of polymerization is also discussed. There has been a shift in paradigm beyond the lowering of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) temperature and other areas of interest, such as adaptation of molecular functionality with simultaneous improvement of properties.

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Section: Acceleration Of the Rate Of Polymerization Via Intermolecular Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… ( a ) Oxidation and decarboxylation of aldehyde groups in V-a [ 96 ]. ( b ) Synthesis of HBAD-amp and thermal mediated ring-opening polymerization and Knoevenagel reaction [ 376 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Accelerated and Low-Temperature Polymerization of Benzoxazine Resins: Addition Polymerizable Sustainable Polymers

et al. 2021

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“…As a rising star of high‐performance thermosetting resins, polybenzoxazine is now gaining more and more attention from academia and industrial community due to its numerous merits, such as high molecular design flexibility, high thermal resistance, high modulus, flame retardance, low dimensional change during curing, low water uptake, etc 37–42 . Nevertheless, EMI shielding materials based on polybenzoxazine are rarely reported, which may be caused by the low compatibility between polybenzoxazine and the fillers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness achieved by multiple internal reflection and absorption in polybenzoxazine/graphene foams

Zhang

Sun

Lan

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is an increasingly severe issue in modern life and high‐performance EMI shielding materials are in desperate need. To achieve high EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), a series of polybenzoxazine/graphene composites foams are developed using a simple sol–gel method. When the graphene loading increases from 1 to 20 wt%, the density of the composites foams drops from 0.4143 g/cm3 to 0.1654 g/cm3. Meanwhile, an electrically conductive path is formed at around 7 wt% of graphene. Below the percolation threshold, the dielectric constant increases with graphene content and composite foam with 5 wt% graphene shows dielectric constant of 10.8 (1 MHz). At the highest graphene content of 20 wt%, the electric conductivity reaches 0.02 S/cm, 10 orders of magnitude higher than pure polybenzoxazine foam. Benefiting from the high electrical conductivity and lightweight porous structure, the composite foam PF/20G delivers an EMI SE of 85 dB and a specific SE of 513.9 dB·cm3/g. Importantly, the EMI shielding is dominated by absorption attenuation, with PF/20G shows absorption ratio higher than 98% in the range of 8.4–11.0 GHz, which is believed to be caused by multiple internal reflection and absorption inside the conductive foam.

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“…Polybenzoxazines are a new type of phenolic resins with high performances. They have significant advantages such as zero shrinkage during curing, 1,2 flexible molecular design, [3][4][5] thermal stability [6][7][8] and so on. Based on these merits, they have attracted wide attention in the field of high-performance polymers, and numerous desired benzoxazines have been synthesized to improve the properties of polybenzoxazines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of aldehyde‐functional polybenzoxazine processability and mechanical properties achieved by 5‐aminoindole/benzoxazine copolymerization

Yang

Liu

et al. 2020

Polymer International

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5-Aminoindole is designed for aldehyde-functional benzoxazine (PHB-a) copolymerization due to the special reaction between the indole and aldehyde groups, and the copolymerization with benzoxazine monomers. The curing and mechanical behavior and thermal properties of the cured resins are investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1 H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, tensile tests and thermogravimetric analysis. The resulting networks show better processability and mechanical properties without obvious degradation in thermal performance. The low curing temperature (70°C) of PHB-a is achieved after incorporation of 5-aminoindole. An elongation rate of 2.54% and a forcing break of around 72.3 MPa are achieved, while neat poly(PHB-a) is brittle and failed in the grips. Furthermore, its glass transition temperature is maintained up to 234°C. These findings open a new way to realize low-temperature curing and to improve the mechanical properties of brittle polybenzoxazine resins under the premise of maintaining good thermal stability.

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A novel polybenzoxazine containing styrylpyridine structure via the Knoevenagel reaction

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Review on the Accelerated and Low-Temperature Polymerization of Benzoxazine Resins: Addition Polymerizable Sustainable Polymers

Review on the Accelerated and Low-Temperature Polymerization of Benzoxazine Resins: Addition Polymerizable Sustainable Polymers

High electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness achieved by multiple internal reflection and absorption in polybenzoxazine/graphene foams

Improvement of aldehyde‐functional polybenzoxazine processability and mechanical properties achieved by 5‐aminoindole/benzoxazine copolymerization

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