A Novel Phenolic Foam-Derived Magnetic Carbon Foam Treated as Adsorbent for Rhodamine B: Characterization and Adsorption Kinetics

Abstract

In recent decades, dye wastewaters produced by dye-manufacturing and dye-consuming industries have become a growing water pollution problem. Herein, a novel phenolic foam-derived magnetic carbon foam is synthesized by in-situ pyrolysis of iron acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)3) containing phenolic resin and its corresponding application as an adsorbent for the removal of Rhodamine B from effluent is investigated. The characterization of the as-prepared adsorbent is carried out by SEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, VSM, FT-IR, Raman, and BET. The magnetic carbon foam is observed to consist of a CFe15.1/C matrix modified with α-Fe/Fe3C/Fe2O3 composites, possessing a 3D porous architecture formed by inter-connected cells with diameters of 50–200 μm and narrow ligaments with thicknesses of ~20 μm. Experimental tests demonstrate that the equilibrium of adsorption behavior of Rhodamine B onto the obtained adsorbent can be reached within 40 min and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity is 258.03 mg/g. The effects of contact time and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption performance are investigated. Besides, four models are introduced to fit the experimental data to evaluate the adsorption kinetics. The overall rate constant is determined by the chemisorption process, according to the pseudo-second order adsorption kinetics mechanism. Besides, the pH effect on RhB adsorption onto magnetic carbon foam is investigated, with the pH values varying from 3 to 10. The above results prove the application prospect of magnetic carbon foam prepared in this work in dye wastewater treatment.

Eco-Friendly Materials Obtained by Fly Ash Sulphuric Activation for Cadmium Ions Removal

“…Out of all possible removal methods, adsorption is one of the most applied techniques for treating contaminated waters due to some advantageous criteria, such as high performance, low cost, easy operation, wide pH range, etc. [6,7]. Out of all the available adsorbents, activated carbon and zeolites can be used; for low cost adsorbents, however, fly ash, modified ash, agricultural wastes, etc., are considered [7][8][9].…”

“…[6,7]. Out of all the available adsorbents, activated carbon and zeolites can be used; for low cost adsorbents, however, fly ash, modified ash, agricultural wastes, etc., are considered [7][8][9].…”

Investigating the Effectiveness of Recycled Agricultural and Cement Manufacturing Waste Materials Used in Oil Sorption

“…The combination of filtration technique with sorption process can lead us to an optimal treatment of oil and other pollutants from the reused water of oily reservoirs washing processes, with a lower cost than when using synthetic sorbents and without harming the environment [ 25 , 26 ]. Whereas many agricultural residue-derived sorbents have been reported [ 26 , 27 ], the breakthrough was explored by using porous Fe/C bio-char adsorbent and a novel phenolic foam-derived magnetic carbon foam.…”

Phenolic Foams Toughened with Triethylene Glycol by In Situ Polymerization and Prepolymerization Processes

“…The strength of T-Pre-PF is higher than that of T-In-PF because the uniform polygonal cell structure of T-Pre-PF provides more struts that can withstand stress together with the cell wall. 51 Meanwhile, honeycomb-like structures can effectively disperse external stress compared to circular and irregular structures. 26 However, a further increase in TEG content weakened the foam strength but still higher than O-PF, especially T-Pre-PF.…”