A Novel Perspective on Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Exosome and Noncoding RNA Studies

Wang, Qianwen; Chen, Yuhui; Meng, Ling‐Bing; Yin, Jianchuan; Wang, Li; Gong, Tao

doi:10.3390/brainsci12081000

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(60 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Circ_0001801 is involved in gene regulation and cellular protein modification. The expressions of both circ_0043837 and circ_0001801 are negatively correlated with NIHSS and stroke severity, prompting a protective effect on IS 271,272 . These biomarkers have better diagnostic effects than other plasma circRNAs in predicting atherosclerotic plaque rupture.…”

Section: Exosomes In Neuropsychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The expressions of both circ_0043837 and circ_0001801 are negatively correlated with NIHSS and stroke severity, prompting a protective effect on IS. 271 , 272 These biomarkers have better diagnostic effects than other plasma circRNAs in predicting atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Upregulation of circ_0006896 in serum exosomes promoted the migration and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, resulting in carotid plaque instability.…”

Section: Exosomes In Neuropsychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

Pang

et al. 2023

MedComm

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with diameters of about 100 nm that are naturally secreted by cells into body fluids. They are derived from endosomes and are wrapped in lipid membranes. Exosomes are involved in intracellular metabolism and intercellular communication. They contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites from the cell microenvironment and cytoplasm. The contents of exosomes can reflect their cells’ origin and allow the observation of tissue changes and cell states under disease conditions. Naturally derived exosomes have specific biomolecules that act as the “fingerprint” of the parent cells, and the contents changed under pathological conditions can be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Exosomes have low immunogenicity, are small in size, and can cross the blood–brain barrier. These characteristics make exosomes unique as engineering carriers. They can incorporate therapeutic drugs and achieve targeted drug delivery. Exosomes as carriers for targeted disease therapy are still in their infancy, but exosome engineering provides a new perspective for cell‐free disease therapy. This review discussed exosomes and their relationship with the occurrence and treatment of some neuropsychiatric diseases. In addition, future applications of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders were evaluated in this review.

show abstract

Section: Exosomes In Neuropsychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Exosomes In Neuropsychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

Pang

et al. 2023

MedComm

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Knockdown of NEAT1 prevents post-stroke lipid droplet agglomeration in microglia by regulating autophagy

Pan,

Xin,

Wei

et al. 2024

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Lipid droplets (LD), lipid-storing organelles containing neutral lipids like glycerolipids and cholesterol, are increasingly accepted as hallmarks of inflammation. The nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1), a long non-coding RNA with over 200 nucleotides, exerts an indispensable impact on regulating both LD agglomeration and autophagy in multiple neurological disorders. However, knowledge as to how NEAT1 modulates the formation of LD and associated signaling pathways is limited. Methods In this study, primary microglia were isolated from newborn mice and exposed to oxygen-glucose-deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). To further explore NEAT1-dependent mechanisms, an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) was adopted to silence NEAT1 under in vitro conditions. Studying NEAT1-dependent interactions with regard to autophagy and LD agglomeration under hypoxic conditions, the inhibitor and activator of autophagy 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and rapamycin (RAPA) were used, respectively. In a preclinical stroke model, mice received intraventricular injections of ASO NEAT1 or control vectors in order to yield NEAT1 knockdown. Analysis of readout parameters included qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, western blot assays, and behavioral tests. Results Microglia exposed to OGD/R displayed a temporal pattern of NEAT1 expression, peaking at four hours of hypoxia followed by six hours of reoxygenation. After effectively silencing NEAT1, LD formation and autophagy-related proteins were significantly repressed in hypoxic microglia. Stimulating autophagy in ASO NEAT1 microglia under OGD/R conditions by means of RAPA reversed the downregulation of LD agglomeration and perilipin 2 (PLIN2) expression. On the contrary, application of 3-MA promoted repression of both LD agglomeration and expression of the LD-associated protein PLIN2. Under in vivo conditions, NEAT1 was significantly increased in mice at 24 h post-stroke. Knockdown of NEAT1 significantly alleviated LD agglomeration and inhibited autophagy, resulting in improved cerebral perfusion, reduced brain injury and increased neurological recovery. Conclusion NEAT1 is a key player of LD agglomeration and autophagy stimulation, and NEAT1 knockdown provides a promising therapeutic value against stroke. Graphical abstract

show abstract

Network-pharmacology-based study on the mechanism of fibrates regulating HIF-1A in the treatment of ischemic stroke

Yang,

Yan,

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a serious threat to people's health, its occurrence risk is closely related to lipid levels and genes. Fibrates are commonly used as adjunctive therapy for IS in clinical practice, some studies have reported that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF1A) is associated with the occurrence risk of various diseases, so it is important to explore the mechanism of fibrates regulate HIF1A in the treatment of IS. Firstly, the potential targets of fibrates, IS, HIF1A and HIF1A-related genes were obtained through various databases, then their common targets were obtained through Venny 2.1.0. The PPI network of fibrates and HIF1A-related genes was plotted by String platform and Cytoscape3.8.1 software. KEGG pathways of drugs, diseases, HIF1A and HIF1A related genes were obtained by Metascape platform. Finally, molecular docking of fibrates and HIF1A was performed by AutoDock software. In this study, the structure of five fibrates were obtained by reviewing the literature and pharmacopoeia. The common targets of five fibrates and IS showed that only 3 fibrates contained HIF1A. KEGG pathway analysis and molecular docking results showed that fibrates can better regulate HIF1A to treat IS, its main action pathways are pathways in cancer, kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection and HIF-1 signaling pathway.

show abstract

A Novel Perspective on Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Exosome and Noncoding RNA Studies

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

Knockdown of NEAT1 prevents post-stroke lipid droplet agglomeration in microglia by regulating autophagy

Network-pharmacology-based study on the mechanism of fibrates regulating HIF-1A in the treatment of ischemic stroke

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About