A novel perceptual trait: gaze predilection for faces during visual exploration

Guy, Nitzan; Azulay, Hagar; Kardosh, Rasha; Weiss, Yarden; Hassin, Ran R.; Israel, Salomon; Pertzov, Yoni

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47110-x

Cited by 31 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Although the findings here contribute to the literature on memory-guided gaze, several questions remain unexplored. First, while we found a general effect of gaze behavior towards meaningful regions of the image, it is still not clear how this effect is modulated for specific semantic categories (such as faces; Guy et al, 2019). In the current design, we aimed to investigate the overall effect of semantically meaningful features and selected images that diverged in terms of their semantic properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Been there, seen that, done that: Modification of visual exploration across repeated exposures

2019

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The underlying factors that determine gaze position are a central topic in visual cognitive research. Traditionally, studies emphasized the interaction between the lowlevel properties of an image and gaze position. Later studies examined the influence of the semantic properties of an image. These studies explored gaze behavior during a single presentation, thus ignoring the impact of familiarity. Sparse evidence suggested that across repetitive exposures, gaze exploration attenuates but the correlation between gaze position and the lowlevel features of the image remains stable. However, these studies neglected two fundamental issues: (a) repeated scenes are displayed later in the testing session, such that exploration attenuation could be a result of lethargy, and (b) even if these effects are related to familiarity, are they based on a verbatim familiarity with the image, or on high-level familiarity with the gist of the scene? We investigated these issues by exposing participants to a sequence of images, some of them repeated across blocks. We found fewer, longer fixations as familiarity increased, along with shorter saccades and decreased gaze allocation towards semantically meaningful regions. These effects could not be ascribed to tonic fatigue, since they did not manifest for images that changed across blocks. Moreover, there was no attenuation of gaze behavior when participants observed a flipped version of the familiar images, suggesting that gist familiarity is not sufficient for eliciting these effects. These findings contribute to the literature on memory-guided gaze behavior and provide novel insights into the mechanism underlying the visual exploration of familiar environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Been there, seen that, done that: Modification of visual exploration across repeated exposures

2019

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“…Nor are the given task and the stimuli properties the only contraints to the perceiver. Subject's gut and feelings matter too: in our daily life we keenly move our gaze to gauge and collect visual information that includes social information, such as others' emotions and intentions [7], [10].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A less evident, albeit earnest need takes root in the challenge of "subject's mining": the computational inference of subject's traits, or expertise, or even expectations from attentive behaviour. Much can be gained indeed by analysing the "mind's eye" conduct of a subject who scrutinises and forages on the behaviour of other subjects involved in social interactions [4]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Gaze Deployment to Audio-Visual Cues of Social Interactions

et al. 2020

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Attention supports our urge to forage on social cues. Under certain circumstances, we spend the majority of time scrutinising people, markedly their eyes and faces, and spotting persons that are talking. To account for such behaviour, this paper develops a computational model for the deployment of gaze within a multimodal landscape, namely a conversational scene. Gaze dynamics is derived in a principled way by reformulating attention deployment as a stochastic foraging problem. Model simulation experiments on a publicly available dataset of eye-tracked subjects are presented. Results show that the simulated scan paths exhibit similar trends of eye movements of human observers watching and listening to conversational clips in a free-viewing condition.

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“…As an additional analysis, we computed split-half consistencies of head fixations per phase across participants since recent studies showed stable fixation patterns within individuals across trials and we were interested to see if we can replicate this finding in our real-life dataset (De Haas, Iakovidis, Schwarzkopf, & Gegenfurtner, 2019;Guy et al, 2019). To this end, we split the three experimental phases per participant into two equally long periods and computed head fixations within each half.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social anxiety is associated with alterations in heart rate but not gaze in a real social interaction

Rösler¹,

Göhring²,

Strunz³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Much of our current understanding of social anxiety rests on the use of simplistic stimulation material in laboratory settings. Latest technological developments now allow the investigation of eye movements and physiological measures during real interactions with adequate recording quality. Considering the wealth of conflicting findings on gaze behavior in social anxiety, the current study aimed at unraveling the mechanisms contributing to differential gaze patterns in a naturalistic setting in the general population and in social anxiety. We introduced participants with differing social anxiety symptoms to a waiting room situation while recording heart rate and electrodermal activity using mobile sensors and eye movements using mobile eye-tracking glasses. We observed fewer fixations on the head of the confederate in the initial waiting phase of the experiment. These head fixations increased when the confederate was involved in a phone call and head fixations were most pronounced during the actual conversation. In opposition to gaze-avoidance models of social anxiety, we did not observe any correlations between social anxiety and visual attention. Social anxiety was, however, associated with elevated heart rate throughout the entire experiment suggesting that physiological hyperactivity constitutes a cardinal feature of the disorder.

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A novel perceptual trait: gaze predilection for faces during visual exploration

Cited by 31 publications

References 61 publications

Been there, seen that, done that: Modification of visual exploration across repeated exposures

Been there, seen that, done that: Modification of visual exploration across repeated exposures

On Gaze Deployment to Audio-Visual Cues of Social Interactions

Social anxiety is associated with alterations in heart rate but not gaze in a real social interaction

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