A novel pbd gene cluster responsible for pyrrole and pyridine ring cleavage in Rhodococcus ruber A5

Behavior of polypyrrole-coated cotton fabric undergoing biodegradation in compost-enriched soil

“…From a biological point of view, instead, both fungi and bacteria present in soil are efficient in degrading recalcitrant molecules, thanks to the production of enzymes such as mono-and di-oxygenases, dehydrogenases, laccases and hydroxylases, as already reported for N-containing heterocycles [78,[94][95][96][97][98]. In a recent review, studies on bacterial degradation of heterocycles, and in particular carbazole, have been reported, in which the main strains involved were Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Ralstonia, Bacillus, Gordonia, Mycobacterium, Nocardioides, Xanthomonas, and Janthinobacterium [99], which can be found in natural environments [100].…”

“…In particular, we interpreted these spectral feature changes as the appearance of raw cotton peaks [76,77], thus, as evidence that non-sterile soil likely erodes the PPy layer, slowly exposing cellulose again. However, the signal at 1295 cm −1 , accompanied by emerging small peaks at 1332 and 1355 cm −1 , can indicate the presence of newly formed compounds from the PPy degradation, such as N-(3-oxopropyl)formamide and 3-formyl-aminopropanoic acid [78], or of aminoacids derived from microorganism residues [79] (eventually covered in the region of Amide I and II by PPy bands). Moreover, in the zone of the fingerprints (light blue frame in figure 5(b)), some signals became stronger.…”