“…Many evolutionary algorithms are used for test combinations Huang et al, 2009;Lee et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2009). Cheng et al (2009) used a PSO algorithm to select tailored questions for each learner from a large-scale item bank and simultaneously satisfy multiple assessment requirements, such as the exposure frequency of questions, the relevant topics of the current examination, the weight of each topic, and the difficulty level of a test item.…”