A Novel Nucleolus-Based Loss Allocation Method in Bilateral Electricity Markets

Transmission loss allocation using combined game theory and artificial neural network

“…In particular, cooperative game theory is a very convenient tool to solve cost allocation problem [16,18,19]. Game theory is used for solving different deregulated power system problems in the literature [20][21][22][23]. Popular game theoretic approaches used in power engineering problems are negotiation set, core, the kernel, nucleolus, Shapley values, Aumann-Shapley value, etc.…”

Cooperative games and cost allocation problems

“…They compared the nucleolus and the Shapley value with two commonly used allocation methods by applying them to a six bus Garver network (see Villasana et al 1985 for details on Garver networks). Songhuai et al (2006) used the nucleolus and the Shapley value to allocate the transmission loss costs in a bilateral electricity market. In that paper, the bilateral transactions are considered to be the players.…”

Accurate Transmission Loss Allocation Algorithm Based on the Virtual Transaction Strategy: Comparison of Path-integral with Discrete Integral Methods

“…Most of the proposed conventional theories based on sensitivity analysis cannot deal with the nonlinear aspect of the problem, and the sum of the allocated losses results in twice the loss [4]- [10]. Recently, many studies have been conducted based on various approaches such as circuit theory [11]- [13], game theory [14], integration method [15]- [17], etc [18], [19]. This paper shows that the total transmission loss can be represented by the sum of the bus-wise partial integration calculated by real power injections.…”

“…Instead of a transaction matrix, this paper employs a transaction ratio matrix that provides information on the ratio of the generation (the load) supplying for (receiving from) each load (generator). Note that previously settled transactions cannot be applied to the transaction variation in practical systems because loss is allocated after the transaction [14]. Thus, the use of a "ratio" can provide more flexibility when considering transaction variations.…”