“…Recently, researchers came up with several novel indexes to better characterize pavement texture, including the amplitude, distribution, shape, and hybrid parameters, to build the correlation model with the ground truth friction (Čelko et al, 2016;Du et al, 2021;Hu et al, 2016;Zuniga-Garcia & Prozzi, 2019). Plentiful signal processing techniques, such as the Hilbert-Huang transform (Kane et al, 2015), fractal analysis (Miao et al, 2014), power spectral analysis (Hartikainen et al, 2014), wavelet analysis (Du et al, 2022;Zelelew et al, 2013), and photosimulated images of surface height maps (Mahboob Kanafi et al, 2015), are applied for pavement friction estimation as well. However, the relationship between texture indexes and pavement friction is implicit and hard to quantize.…”