A Novel NiFe2O4/Paper-Based Magnetoelastic Biosensor to Detect Human Serum Albumin

Abstract

For the first time, a novel NiFe2O4/paper-based magnetoelastic (ME) biosensor was developed for rapid, sensitive, and portable detection of human serum albumin (HSA). Due to the uniquely magnetoelastic effect of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles and the excellent mechanical properties of the paper, the paper-based ME biosensor transforms the surface stress signal induced by the specific binding of HSA and antibody modified on the paper into the electromagnetic signal. The accumulated binding complex generates a compressive stress on the biosensor surface, resulting in a decrease in the biosensor’s static magnetic permeability, which correlates to the HSA concentrations. To improve the sensitivity of the biosensor, the concentration of NiFe2O4 nanofluid and the impregnated numbers of the NiFe2O4 nanofluid-impregnated papers were optimized. The experimental results demonstrated that the biosensor exhibited a linear response to HSA concentrations ranging from 10 μg∙mL−1 to 200 μg∙mL−1, with a detection limit of 0.43 μg∙mL−1, which is significantly lower than the minimal diagnosis limit of microalbuminuria. The NiFe2O4/paper-based ME biosensor is easy to fabricate, and allows the rapid, highly-sensitive, and selective detection of HSA, providing a valuable analytical device for early monitoring and clinical diagnosis of microalbuminuria and nephropathy. This study shows the successful integration of the paper-based biosensor and the ME sensing analytical method will be a highly-sensitive, easy-to-use, disposable, and portable alternative for point-of-care monitoring.

Multilayer Heterogeneous Membrane Biosensor Based on Multiphysical Field Coupling for Human Serum Albumin Detection

“…By contrasting the MHBios with other biosensors from the prior literature, the detection performance of the MHBios was demonstrated. ,, The LOD of the MHBios was many orders of magnitude lower than those of the NiFe 2 O 4 /paper-based magnetoelastic biosensor, fluorescent probe sensor, and antibody-functionalized gold nanorod sensor, all of which have wider detection ranges than the MHBios. , The MHBios not only has no label and is less expensive than the water-soluble BODIPY-based fluorescent probe but also offers higher sensitivity. Consequently, the MHBios has a lot of promise for identifying HSA (Table ).…”

Surface Functionalization, Bioanalysis, and Applications: Progress of New Magnetoelastic Biosensors

“…As shown in Figure , a NiFe 2 O 4 /paper‐based ME biosensor composed of cellulose paper infiltrated with NiFe 2 O 4 , which was presented for portable detection of HAS. [ 22 ] Figure 6a exhibits the schematic diagram of the testing device: adjusting the distance between the NiFe 2 O 4 /paper and a magnet to produce a tunable external magnetic field, the tip deflection and bending angle at the free end can be measured. Figure 6b demonstrates measurement of tip deflection for the NiFe 2 O 4 /paper impregnated with varying concentration of NiFe 2 O 4 nanofluids.…”

“…[6][7][8][9] Figure 1 shows an overview of the main approaches to using transducers in ME biosensors and application prospects in related fields. For instance, by using various kinds of surface functionalization and bioanalysis, ME biosensors are used to detect classical swine fever virus in wild animals, [10,11] monitor the release of pesticides, [12][13][14] and metal ions [15,16] into the environment, [17][18][19] and detect various diseases analyses (such as, diabetes, [20][21][22] genetic diseases [23][24][25] and cancers [26,27] ). Hence, the ME biosensor has a promising prospect in clinical use and environmental protection.…”

“…Bioanalysis of ME sensor: permeability-based method. Reproduced with permission [22]. Copyright 2020, The Authors, published by Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) a) Schematic diagram of the paper-based ME biosensor, b) the tip deflection for the NiFe 2 O 4 /paper impregnated with different concentration of NiFe 2 O 4 nanofluids, c) photographs of the response of NiFe 2 O 4 /paper nanocomposites subjected to different rounds of impregnation, and d) images of NiFe 2 O 4 /paper responses with enhanced magnetic field.…”

Giant Stress-Impedance Effect in CoFeNiMoBSi Alloy in Variation of Applied Magnetic Field

“…The SI effect is, thus, a new addition to a broad series of magnetomechanical effects [ 22 ], some of which were first observed in the first half of the nineteen century, and are researched to this day due to high sensitivity of various experimental sensors, which can be obtained in newly developed materials [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. The most known of the magnetomechanical effects are magnetostrictive and Villari effects [ 33 ], the latter leads to a change in magnetic permeability due to the mechanical stress, by inducing temporary magnetic anisotropy in stress direction [ 34 ].…”