A novel mild method for surface treatment of carbon fibres in epoxy-matrix composites

Koutroumanis, Nikos; Manikas, Anastasios C.; Pappas, Panagiotis; Petropoulos, Faidonas; Sygellou, Lamprini; Tasis, Dimitrios; Papagelis, Konstantinos; Anagnostopoulos, George; Galiotis, Costas

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.01.048

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our surface modification procedure was inspired by the convenient and efficient way of nanotube sidewall functionalization exploiting the ring-opening reactions between newly generated epoxide functions and nucleophilic agents (Markiewicz et al, 2014). Furthermore, the epoxidation process was recently applied for carbon fibers revealing the non-destructive, short, and benign nature of the functionalization procedure (Koutroumanis et al, 2018). Our surface treatment starts with a conventional epoxidation reaction carried out with short carbon fibers, which are placed in contact immediately with the tosylated lignin derivative (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface of carbon fibers was epoxidized according to a recently reported procedure applying mild conditions (Koutroumanis et al, 2018), the synthetic method was previously elaborated for carbon nanotubes (Ogrin et al, 2006). The grafting procedure is outlined in Figure 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that 5 min reaction time was reported to be sufficient to reach the maximum amount of epoxide functions on the surface (Koutroumanis et al, 2018). In line with these findings, we could not observe improvement in the amount of epoxide functions when we applied 10 min reaction time (electrochemical analysis after Reaction 3, see in Figure 2, note that data for 10 min are not shown).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers: Utilizing Lignin to Engineer Potentially Sustainable Resource-Based Biocomposites

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon fiber reinforced composites have exceptional potential to play a key role in the materials world of our future. However, their success undoubtedly depends on the extent they can contribute to advance a global sustainability objective. Utilizing polymers in these composites that can be potentially derived from biomasses would be certainly vital for next-generation manufacturing practices. Nevertheless, deep understanding and tailoring fiber-matrix interactions are crucial issues in order to design carbon fiber reinforced sustainable resource-based biocomposites. In this study, cellulose derivatives (cellulose propionate and cellulose acetate butyrate) are utilized as model polymer matrices that can be potentially fabricated from biomasses, and the mechanical properties of the prepared short carbon fiber reinforced composites are engineered by means of a functional biobased lignin coating on the fiber surface. Furthermore, polyamide 6 based composites are also prepared, the monomer of this polymer could be obtained using C6 sugars derived from lignocellulosic biomasses in the future (through 5-hydroxymethylfurfural). Lignin was successfully immobilized on the carbon fiber surface via an industrially scalable benign epoxidation reaction. The surface modification had a beneficial impact on the mechanical properties of cellulose propionate and polyamide 6 composites. Furthermore, our results also revealed that cellulose-based matrices are highly sensitive to the presence of rigid fiber segments that restrict polymer chain movements and facilitate stress development. It follows that the physicochemical properties of the cellulosic matrices (molecular weight, crystallinity), associated with polymer chain mobility, might need to be carefully considered when designing these composites. At the same time, polyamide 6 showed excellent ability to accommodate short carbon fibers without leading to a largely brittle material, in this case, a maximum tensile strength of ~136 MPa was obtained at 20 wt% fiber loading. These results were further contrasted with that of a petroleum-based polypropylene matrix exhibiting inferior mechanical properties. Our study clearly indicates that carbon fiber reinforced polymers derived and designed using biomass-derived resources can be promising green materials for a sustainable future.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers: Utilizing Lignin to Engineer Potentially Sustainable Resource-Based Biocomposites

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Composite matrix has two main functions: bonding the reinforcement and transferring the loads to fibres. Matrix adhesion to fibre depends, to a large extent, on the compatibility of fibres sizing to the applied matrix and it has a significant influence on fibre/matrix interface [5,6]. Composite reinforcement can have a form of roving or chopped strand mat, unidirectional (UD) fibres or multi-axial fabrics,it can Full Article also be woven fabric.Multi-axial fabrics are created by combining the UD fibres into cross-plystitched layers with various orientation, for example +45/-45° or +45°/0°/-45°.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Resistance of Plain and Twill Fabric in GFRP Measured by Active Thermography

Strugała

Landowski

Zaremba

et al. 2018

Advanced Composites Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper discusses the impact resistance of glass-fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites depending on the type of reinforcement -plain or twill weave. The values of impact energy were: 3J, 10J and 15J. Specimens featuring twill weave transferred higher force during the impact as compared with plain weave specimens. It was observed that an increase of impact energy was accompanied by an increase of the disproportion in transferred forces, in favour of twill weave specimens. Impact damage (in both types of weave) occurring as a result of 3J impact was undetectable with active thermography method. The damage area measured by means of active thermography for impact energy values equal to 10J and 15J proved that the type of reinforcement significantly influences the impact resistance of a composite.This has been justified by smaller damage areas with high spot intensity of damage in plain weave specimens and highly dispersed damage with lower intensity in twill weave specimens.

show abstract

“…The covalent technique has been reported (Koutroumanis et al, 2018) to achieve 130% improvement in IFSS from 3 to 8 MPa using a laser Raman microscopy characterization method. In this work, low-modulus single de-sized PAN carbon fibers were functionalised with epoxide groups by reacting with 3chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) in dichloromethane solvent.…”

Section: Covalent Functionalisation Of Carbon Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Graphene Oxide/Epoxy Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The two-dimensional macro molecule graphene and its derivatives have widely been investigated for their application as nanofiller in carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRC). Research has progressed from techniques that disperse graphene as a mixing constituent within the composite material to more complex examples where graphene is covalently bonded to fiber, matrix or both via multiple reaction steps. This field of research is multidisciplinary whereby branches of materials, engineering, polymer science, physics and chemistry often overlap. From the materials engineering perspective, the desire is to discover the novel materials targeting industrial applications and obtain a full understanding of the graphene oxide chemistry and interaction of graphene oxide with a polymer matrix. To date, most of the research is targeted at (i) improving the fiber/matrix interface properties and/or (ii) improving the dispersion of nanofiller within the matrix; both factors ultimately improve composite performance. Organizing that information critically can lead to emergence of a generalization of material design. Therefore, the objective of this work is to critically review current state of art in the field of graphene oxide/epoxy CFRCs and propose the design rules based on current scientific trend and common themes for future works.

show abstract

A novel mild method for surface treatment of carbon fibres in epoxy-matrix composites

Cited by 28 publications

References 31 publications

Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers: Utilizing Lignin to Engineer Potentially Sustainable Resource-Based Biocomposites

Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers: Utilizing Lignin to Engineer Potentially Sustainable Resource-Based Biocomposites

Impact Resistance of Plain and Twill Fabric in GFRP Measured by Active Thermography

Recent Developments in Graphene Oxide/Epoxy Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About