A Novel Microstrip Fed L-Shaped Arm Slot and Notch Loaded Rmpa With Mended Ground Plane for Bandwidth Improvement

Abstract

In this paper a novel design of microstrip fed L-shaped arm slot and notch loaded RMPA (Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna) with mended ground plane for wide bandwidth is presented. The proposed prototype antenna is fabricated on an FR-4 (Fire retardant) substrate with dimension 30 × 30.8 mm 2 and 1.6 mm thickness. The proposed design is analyzed and simulated using high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) tool version 15. The analysed results are validated through fabrication and measurement results. The analyzed result shows 96.1% maximum radiation efficiency at 2.9 GHz whereas overall efficiency is more than 85% over the entire frequency range, and experiment achieves gain 8.4 dB at 7 GHz. The designed antenna achieves 119.39% impedance bandwidth with more than 5 dB gain over the operating frequency range of 2.41 GHz to 9.55 GHz. For better performance and analysis of proposed antenna, a parametric study has been carried out to analyze the effects of variations in the following-slot and notch dimensions loaded on the patch as well as variations in ground length. The designed antenna can be utilized for various applications incorporating Bluetooth, WLAN, Wi-Max, and UWB operation.

Hybrid Evolutionary Computing Assisted Irregular-Shaped Patch Antenna Design for Wide Band Applications

“…(4) (5) Now, considering Newton's law of gravitation, the cumulative force active on an i th agent from another j th agent can be estimated using (6). The parameter R i, j signifies the Euclidian distance existing between i th and j th agents, while ϵ represents a constant value.…”

“…1 presents the initial radiator shape, which is supposed to be processed for optimization to yield an optimal design with expected performance (higher bandwidth and frequency operation while maintaining a lower reflection coefficient (S 11 ). The initial parameters of MPA are established based on the stated concept and calculation [5][6][7], [37][38]. The suggested MPA model encompasses an irregular-shaped radiator fed by a 50 Ω microstrip line with a predefined length (L f ) and width (W f ).…”

“…Being cost-efficient, lightweight, and easier to implement MPA is used in major contemporary UWB applications [1][2][3][4]. Moreover, the MPAs can be found on both planar as well as non-planar surfaces, making them suitable for the applications serving satellite communication, remote sensing, defense communication, and radio-frequency iden-tification drives [5][6][7][8]. Structurally, the aforesaid patches were connected through a specific patch, often called element-step sized.…”

“…Undeniably, it expands the horizon for further research. However, in practice, finding an optimal design with different constraints and objectives, such as resonant frequency, BW, miniaturized design, or optimal material is a complex task [2][3][4][5][6][7]. A design optimization, especially when applied to WB applications, has been recognized to be more complex [7].…”

An Equilateral Arm Inverted U-Slot and Notch Loaded UWB-CPMA with Rendered Ground Plane

“…Recently, monopole MSAs have become more popular due to its facile geometry, wide bandwidth, stable radiation pattern and greater radiation efficiency [9].…”