A novel microextractor stick (polyaniline/zinc film/stainless steel) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water

Abstract

A novel microextractor stick (MES) has been developed for the determination of trace amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples. The proposed MES was prepared by electrodepositing a Zn-film onto a stainless steel stick followed by a coating with polyaniline (PANI) sorptive layers. This PANI/Zn-film/stainless steel stick produced a large surface area, provided a high extraction efficiency (82.0 ± 6.2% to 111.0 ± 7.5% recovery) of spiked chrysene (Chry) and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). This MES is cost-effective, easy to prepare, robust and provides a good stick-to-stick reproducibility (n = 10) with a relative standard deviation of less than 10%. The effect of various parameters on the efficiency of extraction of PAHs were optimized, including the extraction time, extraction and desorption stirring speeds, volume of desorption solvent and desorption time. Under the optimum conditions, the limit of detection (S/N ≥ 3) and limit of quantification (S/N ≥ 10) of both Chry and BaP were 0.05 and 0.12 μg L(-1), respectively. The developed MES was successfully applied to determine PAHs in real water samples.

Polyaniline‐coated cigarette filters as a solid‐phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in water samples

“…This indicated that the newly developed method was highly sensitive for the detection of PAHs. In the case of the recoveries, the values from this work were within the same range or better than some previous work . In addition, the RSD values of the developed method were lower than the previous methods, to indicate again that this method has a better repeatability than any other previous methods.…”

“…Polyaniline (PANI) is a popular conductive polymer that has attracted much attention in separation sciences due to its versatile properties such as hydrophobicity, large π‐conjugated structure, polar functional groups, and good thermal and chemical stability . In previous work PANI has been used as an SPME coating material , however, it could result in a low extraction capacity and can require a long extraction time to reach an extraction equilibrium .…”