A novel method with which to visualize the human sinuatrial node: Application for a better understanding of the gross anatomy of this part of the conduction system

Nooma, Kunimitsu; Saga, Tsuneo; Iwanaga, Joe; Tabira, Yoko; Watanabe, Koichi; Tubbs, R. Shane; Yamaki, Koh-Ichi

doi:10.1002/ca.23459

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Therefore, it will be important to establish where in the curriculum this teaching should ideally take place. There is a growing body of literature describing novel dissection approaches to a variety of different anatomical regions, including the orbit (Cotofana et al, 2006), knee (Clemente et al, 2009), brain (Hlavac et al, 2017 and sinoatrial node of the heart (Nooma et al, 2020). Many of these novel dissections have been carried out by skilled surgeons, anatomists, or postgraduate medical students with extensive dissection experience (Mattioli et al, 2017;Cotofana et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new student-led dissection approach to the glenohumeral joint

Leigh¹,

Merrick²

2022

EJA

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Modern day anatomy educators face many educational challenges associated with changes in curriculum, institutional reorganization and reduced teaching hours—all alongside criticism that medical students’ anatomical knowledge at graduation is insufficient. At the University of Nottingham in the United Kingdom, a traditional approach to full body cadaveric dissection is carried out in the undergraduate medical curriculum, using dissection manuals based on long- published dissector guides. First-year medical students dissect the shoulder region in a superficial manner allowing good visualization of musculature and surrounding neurovascular structures, although observation of the internal joint is significantly limited. This study reports a student-led adaption to a novel dissection approach of the glenohumeral joint, which involves splitting the humeral head to expose the internal joint capsule in exceptional detail. The prosection generated was incorporated into an on-line teaching package for first-year medical students. Students’ knowledge of the region was assessed before and after accessing the on-line teaching material, and results highlighted a significant improvement in anatomical knowledge after completion of the package (P = 0.013). First-year medical students who view the novel dissection also out-performed second-year medical students who had experienced traditional teaching of this region (P = 0.002). This study has demonstrated that a novel dissection of the glenohumeral joint can provide educational benefit by increasing anatomical knowledge of the region. Furthermore, student-led innovations may act as a powerful means of achieving much- needed reform in the field of musculoskeletal anatomy education.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new student-led dissection approach to the glenohumeral joint

Leigh¹,

Merrick²

2022

EJA

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“…The SA node is a crescent-shaped structure, 3.3-6.7 mm wide, 7.3-29.5 mm long, and 1.0-2.2 mm deep, located at the embryonic junction between the parts derived from the atrium proper and the right atrium's venous part [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Thus, the SA node is located relatively superficial in the heart [8,9]. The AV node is part of the conduction system of the heart [10], which is located within the triangle of Koch bordered by the septal leaflet of the right atrioventricular valve anteriorly and the tendon of Todaro posteriorly [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Study of the Atrioventricular Nodal Branch of the Heart

Iwanaga¹,

Manoharan²,

Cardona³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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BackgroundThe atrioventricular (AV) node is a relay station for electrical signals passing between the atria and ventricles. The artery supplying the AV node is functionally important, and its anatomical topography is relevant during invasive procedures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and understand the variations of the origin of the AV nodal branch (AVNb) and its variations. Materials and methodsWe dissected 31 adult human hearts to evaluate their AVNb and its variations. A classification scheme was used to detail the morphology found for each of these arteries. ResultsWe identified five distinct origins of the AVNb: AVNb originating from the right coronary artery (RCA) proximal to the inferior interventricular branch (IVb) (type I, 3.2%), AVNb originating from the junction of the RCA and IVb (type II, 19.4%), AVNb originating from the RCA distal to the IVb (type III, 64.5%), AVNb originating from the IVb (type IV, 6.5%), and AVNb originating from the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery (LCA) (type V, 6.5%). ConclusionsOur study provides data on the morphology and variations of the AVNb. Such information can assist in better diagnoses based on imaging, better guide invasive procedures, and provide the cardiac surgeon with an improved method of classifying the AVNb and its branches during procedures of the coronary arteries and their branches.

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Rare origin of the sinoatrial node artery: an anatomic report and a brief review of the literature

Pinto,

Madeira,

Pereira

2024

Anat Sci Int

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Several studies reported anatomical variations in the sinoatrial node artery (SANa). Here, we report a rare variation in the origin of the SANa on a human adult male cadaver. During dissection, we identified the SANa originating from a large atrial branch of the right coronary artery (RCA). This branch originates at the level of the inferior border of the heart and courses upwards. The initial part of this vessel is tortuous, and then it follows a straight path parallel to the RCA along the anterior surface of the right atrium. After this part, the artery curves posteriorly and to the left until it reaches the lower border of the right auricle, where it closely approaches the RCA. Finally, the artery runs posteriorly and to the right to follow a course along the medial wall of the right auricle and right atrium to reach a location close to the region of the junction of the superior vena cava and right atrium, where it follows its path buried in the myocardium. After perforating the myocardium, this vessel gives rise to branches that are distributed to both atria in addition to the SANa. The SANa runs to the sinoatrial node in a precaval (anterior to the superior vena cava) course. We also tried to characterize the vessels radiologically. The knowledge of the anatomical variations of the SANa is of the utmost importance for cardiologists and heart surgeons to better understand cardiac disease and accurately plan and execute cardiac interventions and surgical procedures.

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A novel method with which to visualize the human sinuatrial node: Application for a better understanding of the gross anatomy of this part of the conduction system

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

A new student-led dissection approach to the glenohumeral joint

A new student-led dissection approach to the glenohumeral joint

Anatomical Study of the Atrioventricular Nodal Branch of the Heart

Rare origin of the sinoatrial node artery: an anatomic report and a brief review of the literature

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