A novel method to trigger the reconsolidation of fear memory

Yang, Yong; Jie, Jing; Li, Junjiao; Chen, Wei; Zheng, Xifu

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2019.103461

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…More interestingly, instead of post-hoc identification, a number of studies have experimentally investigated the influence of potential boundary conditions and inter-individual differences on the efficacy of the reminder-extinction procedure. In humans, such studies have suggested that factors such as reminder duration 53 , reminder stimulus type 67 , 110 – 112 , threat-response measure avoidance behaviours 113 , inclusion of on-line expectancy ratings 114 and genetics 115 may influence the effectiveness of the reminder-extinction procedure. On the other hand, the reminder-extinction procedure has been shown to be equally effective for young and old memories 52 and for fear-relevant and fear-irrelevant stimulus material 98 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the efficacy of the reminder-extinction procedure to disrupt contextual threat memories in humans using immersive Virtual Reality

Houtekamer

Henckens

Mackey

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Upon reactivation, consolidated memories can enter a temporary labile state and require restabilisation, known as reconsolidation. Interventions during this reconsolidation period can disrupt the reactivated memory. However, it is unclear whether different kinds of memory that depend on distinct brain regions all undergo reconsolidation. Evidence for reconsolidation originates from studies assessing amygdala-dependent memories using cue-conditioning paradigms in rodents, which were subsequently replicated in humans. Whilst studies providing evidence for reconsolidation of hippocampus-dependent memories in rodents have predominantly used context conditioning paradigms, studies in humans have used completely different paradigms such as tests for wordlists or stories. Here our objective was to bridge this paradigm gap between rodent and human studies probing reconsolidation of hippocampus-dependent memories. We modified a recently developed immersive Virtual Reality paradigm to test in humans whether contextual threat-conditioned memories can be disrupted by a reminder-extinction procedure that putatively targets reconsolidation. In contrast to our hypothesis, we found comparable recovery of contextual conditioned threat responses, and comparable retention of subjective measures of threat memory, episodic memory and exploration behaviour between the reminder-extinction and standard extinction groups. Our result provide no evidence that a reminder before extinction can prevent the return of context conditioned threat memories in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the efficacy of the reminder-extinction procedure to disrupt contextual threat memories in humans using immersive Virtual Reality

Houtekamer

Henckens

Mackey

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Intertrial intervals (ITI) fluctuated between 15, 16, and 17 s with a mean of 16 s (Figure 1B). The trial procedure is largely based on van Dis et al ( 2019) and Yang et al (2019). FPS has a short onset latency (21-120 ms for acoustically elicited blinks), while the latency of SCR is at least 1 s (more extended responses could be theoretically possible) (Blumenthal et al, 2005;Christopoulos et al, 2016).…”

Section: Day 1: Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Destabilizing Different Strengths of Fear Memories Requires Different Degrees of Prediction Error During Retrieval

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Reactivation of consolidated memories can induce a labile period, in which these reactivated memories might be susceptible to change and need reconsolidation. Prediction error (PE) has been recognized as a necessary boundary condition for memory destabilization. Moreover, memory strength is also widely accepted as an essential boundary condition to destabilize fear memory. This study investigated whether different strengths of conditioned fear memories require different degrees of PE during memory reactivation in order for the memories to become destabilized. Here, we assessed the fear-potentiated startle and skin conductance response, using the post-retrieval extinction procedure. A violation of expectancy (PE) was induced during retrieval to reactivate enhanced (unpredictable-shock) or ordinary (predictable-shock) fear memories that were established the day before. Results showed that a PE retrieval before extinction can prevent the return of predictable-shock fear memory but cannot prevent the return of unpredictable-shock fear memory, indicating that a single PE is insufficient to destabilize enhanced fear memory. Therefore, we further investigated whether increasing the degree of PE could destabilize enhanced fear memory using different retrieval strategies (multiple PE retrieval and unreinforced CS retrieval). We found that spontaneous recovery of enhanced fear memory was prevented in both retrieval strategies, but reinstatement was only prevented in the multiple PE retrieval group, suggesting that a larger amount of PE is needed to destabilize enhanced fear memory. The findings suggest that behavioral updating during destabilization requires PE, and the degree of PE needed to induce memory destabilization during memory retrieval depends on the strength of fear memory. The study indicates that memory reconsolidation inference can be used to destabilize stronger memories, and the findings shed lights on the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders and anxiety disorders.

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“…In fact, gamma amplitude is modulated by the phase of theta (Jensen and Colgin, 2007), and it is theorized that theta-gamma hippocampal phase-amplitude coupling (hPAC) coordinates neuronal activity at the timescale required for memory processing in the hippocampus (Skaggs et al, 1996;Lisman et al, 2005), although the actual role of this interaction remains unclear (Lisman and Buzsáki, 2008). In this respect, hPAC strength predicts correct choice probability over the course of associative learning (Tort et al, 2009) and increases when animals evaluate choice-relevant information (Amemiya and Redish, 2018), which seems to be essential for the destabilization of some memory types at the moment of recall, including avoidance memory (Radiske et al, 2017;Yang et al, 2019). Interestingly, we recently showed that hPAC strength is associated with hippocampus-dependent avoidance memory reconsolidation in rats (Radiske et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Frequency Phase-Amplitude Coupling between Hippocampal Theta and Gamma Oscillations during Recall Destabilizes Memory and Renders It Susceptible to Reconsolidation Disruption

et al. 2020

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Avoidance memory reactivation at recall triggers theta-gamma hippocampal phase amplitude coupling (hPAC) only when it elicits hippocampus-dependent reconsolidation. However, it is not known whether there is a causal relationship between these phenomena. We found that in adult male Wistar rats, silencing the medial septum during recall did not affect avoidance memory expression or maintenance but abolished hPAC and the amnesia caused by the intrahippocampal administration of reconsolidation blockers, both of which were restored by concomitant theta burst stimulation of the fimbria-fornix pathway. Remarkably, artificial hPAC generated by fimbria-fornix stimulation during recall of a learned avoidance response naturally resistant to hippocampus-dependent reconsolidation made it susceptible to reactivation-dependent amnesia. Our results indicate that hPAC mediates the destabilization required for avoidance memory reconsolidation and suggest that the generation of artificial hPAC at recall overcomes the boundary conditions of this process.

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A novel method to trigger the reconsolidation of fear memory

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Investigating the efficacy of the reminder-extinction procedure to disrupt contextual threat memories in humans using immersive Virtual Reality

Investigating the efficacy of the reminder-extinction procedure to disrupt contextual threat memories in humans using immersive Virtual Reality

Destabilizing Different Strengths of Fear Memories Requires Different Degrees of Prediction Error During Retrieval

Cross-Frequency Phase-Amplitude Coupling between Hippocampal Theta and Gamma Oscillations during Recall Destabilizes Memory and Renders It Susceptible to Reconsolidation Disruption

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