A novel method to improve noise figure for a wide bandwidth single stage L-band EDFA

Erbium-doped phosphosilicate fiber amplifiers: a comparison of configurations for the optimization of noise figure and conversion efficiency

“…These properties make the P-Si EDF a top contender for commercial extended L-band EDFAs. However, previous demonstrations of P-containing EDFAs showed relatively low PCE [8,9,13].…”

“…Therefore, extending the amplification bandwidth of erbium is by far a preferred means of expanding the transmission capacity. Amplifications in both S-band (below 1525 nm) [1][2][3][4] and the extended L-band (beyond 1605 nm) [5][6][7][8][9][10] have been reported using erbium-doped fibers, with the extended L-band amplification showing potential commercial viability [9].…”

“…Although their gain bandwidth can in principle be extended by lengthening the erbium fiber, lowering the erbium inversion, and employing significantly more filtering to achieve gain equalization across the wider band, both noise figure (NF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) degrade drastically as a result. Several new or modified erbium host materials have been used to mitigate signal excited state absorption, resulting in a higher gain over the longer wavelength range, such as tellurite [5,11], bismuth-oxide [6,7], antimony silicate [12], P-doped aluminosilicate [8,13], and phosphosilicate [9] fibers. Although tellurite and bismuth-oxide based EDFAs have wider bandwidths compared to that of demonstrated phosphosilicate (P-Si) EDFAs, P-Si EDFAs have been shown to exhibit lower noise figures (under 6 dB) when the gain bandwidth is extended to 1620 nm (see Table 1).…”

Ultra-Low Noise Figure in Optical Fiber Amplifier by Tailoring the Mode Field Profile of Erbium-Doped Fiber

“…An interleaved filtering half of the ASE was used to construct low NF all-optical gain-clamped parallel C+L band EDFA [11]. The back-propagating noise suppression light (BPNSL) in the 1.55 µm region from the output end of the EDF is employed to improve the noise characteristics for L-band [12], [13]. A short length of unpumped EDF within a circulator-based loop mirror was employed to attenuate part of the ASE, helping to reduce the NF for C-band [14].…”

Erbium doped fiber and highly nonlinear fiber based on bismuth oxide glasses

“…To expand the bandwidth of telecommunication, many fiber amplifiers such as germanium doped silica-based EDF, germanium/aluminum doped silica-based EDF have been developed [1]. Moreover, several materials have been proposed such as tellurite-based EDF [2,3], antimony based EDF [4], phosphorous co-doped silica-based EDF [5,6]. We also reported that Er 3+ region from 1530 to 1620 nm [7][8][9].…”