A Novel Method of Forecasting CO2 Flood Performance for Various WAG Injection Schemes by Analyzing Injection Pulses

Abstract

This paper presents a new method for generating dimensionless CO 2 flood forecast prototypes for various injection schemes from an existing prototype. Given an existing prototype, the method described in this paper can predict an appropriate prototype for an alternating injection schedule. This methodology enables engineers to quickly generate forecast prototypes by analyzing the oil/gas production response from breaking down existing prototypes (developed either from simulation or from analog field performance) into injected CO 2 pulses. A Microsoft Excel with VBA program (PULSER) based on this methodology has been successfully utilized to generate the prototypes for the fluid streams forecast of several West Texas/New Mexico CO 2 flooding projects. When compared to reservoir simulation, the Pulse method is much faster in generating new prototypes and more flexible in accomodating different injection scenarios. The results from this method, full field simulation, and blind testing actual field data are remarkably consistent.

Application of Gene Expression Programming (GEP) in Modeling Hydrocarbon Recovery in WAG Injection Process

“…However, in their proposed model, only the oil production rate and CO 2 and water injection rates were accounted for, and other field or operational variables were not included. Liu et al [80] suggested a new model for developing dimensionless CO 2 injection performance such as total injection (DTI), CO 2 injection (DCI), tertiary oil production (DEOR), and CO 2 production (DCP) for various WAG injection approaches. A Microsoft Excel VBA program (for injecting CO 2 pulses) was applied to develop the prototypes for forecasting the system performance.…”

“…A Microsoft Excel VBA program (for injecting CO 2 pulses) was applied to develop the prototypes for forecasting the system performance. Their new methodology (pulse method) was verified using mechanistic simulation results of finite elements for different WAG injection processes or different CO 2 injection slug sizes, or both [80]. Jaber et al [25] introduced a simple data-driven model to evaluate the miscible CO 2 -WAG injection performance in an Iraqi oil field.…”

Solution Properties and Displacement Characteristics of in situ CO2 Foam System for Enhanced Oil Recovery

“…Even so, CO 2 flooding technology has been restricted due to the shortage of the CO 2 source, the transportation of CO 2 , and equipment corrosion caused by CO 2 . Moreover, the injected CO 2 will quickly channel to the oil production well for its low viscosity and gravity differentiation (Liu et al, ; Temizel et al, ).…”

Investigation on Foam Self‐Generation Using In Situ Carbon Dioxide (CO2) for Enhancing Oil Recovery

“…CO 2 injection offers advantages in the improvement of oil recovery performance (e.g., viscosity reduction, volume swelling, interfacial tension (IFT) reduction, and hydrocarbon extraction), leading to a more flowable crude oil in the reservoir (Cao, Peng, & Ma, 2017;Habibi, Yassin, & Dehghanpour, 2017;Pu, Wei, & Jin, 2016;Song & Yang, 2017). However, there are still some key factors that retarded its development, such as CO 2 source shortage and CO 2 transportation problems (Liu, Sahni, & Hsu, 2014;Temizel, Rodriguez, Saldierna, & Narinesingh, 2016), especially in Chinese oil fields.…”