A novel method for the risk assessment of human evacuation from cruise ships in maritime transportation

Wang, Xinjian; Xia, Guoqing; Zhao, Jun; Wang, Jin; Yang, Zaili; Loughney, Sean; Fang, Siming; Zhang, Shukai; Ye, Xing; Liu, Zhengjiang

doi:10.1016/j.ress.2022.108887

Cited by 57 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Traditional evacuation methods which rely on manual procedures, static life-saving appliances, and human coordination, while generally effective, encounter challenges when faced with severe weather conditions such as storms or hurricanes. These challenges include the difficulty of deploying life-saving equipment in turbulent seas, reduced visibility, and the potential for panic among passengers and crew [25]. Communication becomes hindered by increased noise and disturbance, potentially causing confusion.…”

Section: Areas Of Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Evacuation Procedures and Smart Devices’ Impact Assessment for Large Passenger Vessels under Severe Weather Conditions

Stefanou,

Louvros,

Stefanidis

et al. 2024

Sci

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Within the expansive domain of maritime safety, optimizing evacuation procedures stands as a critical endeavour. After all, evacuation is literally the last and fundamental safety level afforded to mariners and passengers. Recent incidents have rekindled interest in assessing the performance of this ultimate safety barrier. However, addressing evacuability requires a holistic approach. The authors present herein the setup, simulation, and ultimately evaluation of a novel approach and its ability to rigorously assess multiple innovative risk-control options in a challenging, realistic setting. Moreover, its benchmarking against conventional regulation-dictated evacuation processes is captured distinctively along with the relative effectiveness of each proposed measure. Such measures include smart technologies and procedural changes that can result in substantial improvements to the current procedures. These will impact the ongoing discourse on maritime safety by providing insights for policymakers, vessel operators, emergency planners, etc., and emphasize the need for further research and development efforts to fortify the industry against evolving safety challenges.

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Section: Areas Of Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Evacuation Procedures and Smart Devices’ Impact Assessment for Large Passenger Vessels under Severe Weather Conditions

Stefanou,

Louvros,

Stefanidis

et al. 2024

Sci

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“…The evacuation factor analysis is related to the effectiveness and efficiency of evacuation plans. In the case of a major emergency, evacuation efficiency is most important, and thus, the decision-maker should consider transporting the stakeholders from the danger area to the refuge within the shortest time 13 . However, in some cases, the situation is not an emergency or can be predicted and planned in advance 14 .…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual analytics of route recommendation for tourist evacuation based on graph neural network

Zhang,

Xu,

Pan

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The overcrowding of scenic spots not only threatens tourists’ safety but also affects the travel experience. Traditional methods for addressing tourist overload have involved limited access and guided evacuation. While limited access has been effective, it often results in a diminished tourist experience. Moreover, the existing guided evacuation rarely considers the impact on tourists’ experience, resulting in a low willingness to cooperate and making it difficult to estimate evacuation effort efficiency. To solve these problems, this paper proposed a tourist evacuation route recommendation algorithm based on a graph neural network considering the similarity of tourism styles (PER-GCN) and designed a visualization system to simulate and analyse evacuation efficiency. First, the interaction matrix of tourists and scenic spots was constructed using graph mining to extract the high-order interaction information. In the output layer, the similarity between scenic spots and tourism styles was calculated to further improve the accuracy of scenic spot recommendations. Second, due to route complexity and the real-time carrying capacity of scenic spots, the researchers optimized the evacuation routes. Finally, taking the West Lake spot as the case study, the effectiveness of PER-GCN was verified. Additionally, a visualization system was designed to monitor tourist flow in real time and analyse tourist portraits according to the clustering results of scenic spot styles. In addition, the evacuation efficiency of scenic spots was analysed by adjusting the parameters of tourists’ willingness to cooperate, evacuation batch, and the weight of route complexity and scenic spot carrying capacity.

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“…Furthermore, passengers can also be panicked and confused during such events. Thus, this paper focuses on the effect— on the time taken by passengers to exit the ship —of: Computation and communication delays in the sensing, communication and computer processing technologies in the vessel, including the processing delays in the computers that provide instructions to the evacuees [ 21 , 22 ]; Errors that the passengers may make in following instructions. Such errors can be caused by panic, human error or the lack of visibility of direction panels, and the difficulty of understanding loudspeaker announcements due to noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computation and communication delays in the sensing, communication and computer processing technologies in the vessel, including the processing delays in the computers that provide instructions to the evacuees [ 21 , 22 ];…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of IoT System Imperfections and Passenger Errors on Cruise Ship Evacuation Delay

Ma,

Gelenbe,

Liu

2024

Sensors

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Cruise ships and other naval vessels include automated Internet of Things (IoT)-based evacuation systems for the passengers and crew to assist them in case of emergencies and accidents. The technical challenges of assisting passengers and crew to safety during emergencies include various aspects such as sensor failures, imperfections in the sound or display systems that are used to direct evacuees, the timely selection of optimum evacuation routes for the evacuees, as well as computation and communication delays that may occur in the IoT infrastructure due to intense activities during an emergency. In addition, during an emergency, the evacuees may be confused or in a panic, and may make mistakes in following the directions offered by the evacuation system. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to analyze the effect of two important aspects that can have an adverse effect on the passengers’ evacuation time, namely (a) the computer processing and communication delays, and (b) the errors that may be made by the evacuees in following instructions. The approach we take uses simulation with a representative existing cruise ship model, which dynamically computes the best exit paths for each passenger, with a deadline-driven Adaptive Navigation Strategy (ANS). Our simulation results reveal that delays in the evacuees’ reception of instructions can significantly increase the total time needed for passenger evacuation. In contrast, we observe that passenger behavior errors also affect the evacuation duration, but with less effect on the total time needed to evacuate passengers. These findings demonstrate the importance of the design of passenger evacuation systems in a way that takes into account all realistic features of the ship’s indoor evacuation environment, including the importance of having high-performance data processing and communication systems that will not result in congestion and communication delays.

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A novel method for the risk assessment of human evacuation from cruise ships in maritime transportation

Cited by 57 publications

References 69 publications

Alternative Evacuation Procedures and Smart Devices’ Impact Assessment for Large Passenger Vessels under Severe Weather Conditions

Alternative Evacuation Procedures and Smart Devices’ Impact Assessment for Large Passenger Vessels under Severe Weather Conditions

Visual analytics of route recommendation for tourist evacuation based on graph neural network

Impact of IoT System Imperfections and Passenger Errors on Cruise Ship Evacuation Delay

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