A novel method for salts removal from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash through the molten salt thermal treatment

Xie, Kang; Hu, Hongyun; Cao, Jin-Xiu; Yang, Fan; Liu, Huan; Li, Aijun; Yao, Hong

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125107

Cited by 36 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Because of its high moisture content, low calorific value, and high amounts of S, Cl, and heavy metals, OSW incineration has a relatively low thermal efficiency (15%–25%) and high pollutant emissions, such as SO x , NO x , heavy metals, and dioxins. Apart from the air pollutions, the disposal of the hazardous municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash is also a critical environmental issue in China − and the high salt content in the MSWI fly ash makes the ash disposal even more difficult. , Besides, the huge daily discharge of MSW in the cities has led to almost full load running of the existing incinerators, with increasing treatment pressure and less space for industrial-source OSWs. Moreover, caused by the objection of local residents and the insufficient support of local government, as well as other technical reasons, a majority of the countries in the world fail to construct enough incinerators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Current Status of the Co-combustion Technology of Organic Solid Waste (OSW) and Coal in China

et al. 2020

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Increasing economy and population result in the rapid growth of solid waste in China, with more than 70% being carbonaceous components. The generated carbon-bearing solid waste is called as organic solid waste (OSW). In this Review, OSWs from both municipal and industrial sources are discussed and divided into municipal solid waste (MSW), organic sludge, polymer solid waste, and biomass-like solid waste, according to their variations in origins and characteristics in China. Agricultural waste (i.e., biomass) and large-scale industrial solid waste (e.g., coal waste) are not considered, because of their well-established fundamentals. Incineration is becoming the most common method of energy recovery for OSW in China, while it has to face the problems of relatively low thermal efficiency, high air pollutant emission, and the high risk of fly ash products. Compared with MSW incinerators, coal-fired power plants own efficient power generation systems and centralized air pollution control devices (APCDs). With the fact that mixed coals are widely used in existing power plants, it is of great significance to study and discuss the current status of cocombustion of OSW and coal in China. In this work, the physicochemical properties of OSW were first introduced, with a subsequent detailed summary on their co-combustion fundamentals, such as devolatilization, ignition, char reactivity, and combustion efficiency, and ash-related issues, including fouling/slagging, high-temperature corrosion, and leaching behavior of ash residue. Furthermore, pollutants emissions regarding conventional pollutant [CO, SO 2 , NO x , HCl, particulate matters (PM)], heavy metals, and hazardous organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were analyzed. Some pretreatment methods to reduce the risk of co-combustion were also discussed, including pelletization, drying, torrefaction, hydrothermal carbonization, and low-temperature pyrolysis. Lastly, discussions and perspectives on the future co-combustion technology of OSW with coal were presented. This work aimed to gain systematic knowledge on the co-combustion technology of OSW and coal, providing guidelines for further applications of OSW in power plants in China, as well as other countries in the world.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Current Status of the Co-combustion Technology of Organic Solid Waste (OSW) and Coal in China

et al. 2020

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“…Although the reduction–thermal separation process for carbon is inexpensive and poses little safety risk, a significant quantity of remnants of carbon remains in the cleaned fly ash. , Xie et al added molten salt (NaCl–CaCl 2 ) to municipal waste incineration fly ash at 800 °C for experiments and found that more than 70% of Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd were dissolved in molten salt and separated in the residue with a volatilization of <5%. Although calcination thermal separation uses less energy and separates heavy metals from the fly ash matrix at lower temperatures, molten salt thermal separation still results in the generation of residual molten salts. − Currently, these thermal separation technologies remain at the stage of experimentation or proof-of-concept programs and are not yet widely used.…”

Section: Treatment and Disposal Of Heavy Metals In Fly Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and Outlook of Heavy Metal Treatment Technology from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash: A Review

Xiao,

Huang,

Cheng

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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With the global industrialization process and socioeconomic development, the amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated is growing significantly. With the growth trend of municipal solid waste, incineration is widely used for waste treatment but produces a large amount of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, which contains heavy metals that can seriously harm human health and the ecological environment. In this Review, the current situation of MSWI fly ash disposal is reviewed, and the technologies for harmless disposal and resource utilization of heavy metals in MSWI fly ash are summarized, including solidification stabilization, leaching extraction, heat treatment, combination methods, etc. We meticulously summarized the recent progress of various incineration fly ash disposal technologies, analyzed the difficulties and solutions in formulating various feasible technical strategies, and compared their potential in the safe, environmentally friendly, and economical utilization of MSW fly ash resources. Furthermore, we also provide an outlook on the potential challenges and prospects of future progress in the harmless disposal and resource recycling of fly ash.

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“…Several methods, including washing [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], leaching [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], and thermal treatment [ 17 , 18 , 19 ] have been studied for the removal of Cl from MSWI fly ash to subsequently reuse the fly ash. It has been reported that the water-washing procedure has been recognized as the simplest and most practical technology for Cl removal [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Recovery of Valuable Nanoporous Materials from High-Chlorine MSWI Fly Ash by Ultrasound with Organic Acids

2022

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The new technology development for municipal solid waste incineration fly ash treatment and reuse is urgent due to landfill shortage and environmental effect of leached hazardous substances. Chlorine (Cl) is worth considering due to its high levels in fly ash. In this study, a treatment process of ultrasound combined with organic acid was used to eliminate Cl from fly ash to enhance its properties for reuse. Taguchi methodology was implemented to design the experiments by controlling four impact factors and the contribution of each factor was evaluated by the ANOVA analysis of variance. Following two treatment steps within 5 min with a solid/liquid ratio of 1:10 at 165 kHz, 98.8% of Cl was eliminated. Solid/liquid ratio was the most prominent factor that contributed to the Cl removal with more than 90%, according to the ANOVA analysis of variance. Tert-butyl alcohol (tBuOH), an •OH radical scavenger, was utilized to examine different effects of ultrasonic cavitation on Cl removal efficiency. A 20 kHz ultrasound was used to explore the influence of multi-frequency ultrasound with different mechanical and sonochemical effects on the fly ash dechlorination. This ultrasonic-assisted organic acid treatment was found to be a time and cost-effective pathway for fly ash Cl removal.

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A novel method for salts removal from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash through the molten salt thermal treatment

Cited by 36 publications

References 23 publications

Review on the Current Status of the Co-combustion Technology of Organic Solid Waste (OSW) and Coal in China

Review on the Current Status of the Co-combustion Technology of Organic Solid Waste (OSW) and Coal in China

Advances and Outlook of Heavy Metal Treatment Technology from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash: A Review

Sustainable Recovery of Valuable Nanoporous Materials from High-Chlorine MSWI Fly Ash by Ultrasound with Organic Acids

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