A novel method for quantitation of favism-inducing agents in legumes

Chevion, Mordechai; Navok, T

doi:10.1016/0003-2697(83)90355-x

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Pyrrolizidine alkaloid poisonings in humans (as well as in other mammals) cause lung and liver lesions and are commonly misdiagnosed (29). 9) The broad (fava) bean (Vicia faba), a common food of the Mediterranean region, contains the toxins vicine and convicine at a level of about 2 percent of the dry weight (30). Pythagoras forbade his followers to eat the beans, presumably because he was one of the millions of Mediterranean people with a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.…”

Section: Natural Mutagens and Carcinogens In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the low glutathione concentration also results in a marked sensitivity to agents that cause oxidative damage, such as the fava bean toxins and a variety of drugs and viruses. Sensitive individuals who ingest fava beans develop a severe hemolytic anemia caused by the enzymatic hydrolysis of vicine to its aglycone, divicine, which forms a quinone that generates oxygen radicals (30). 10) Allyl isothiocyanate, a major flavor ingredient in oil of mustard and horseradish, is one of the main toxins of the mustard seed and has been shown to cause chromosome aberrations in hamster cells at low concentration (50) and to be a carcinogen in rats (31).…”

Section: Natural Mutagens and Carcinogens In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens

Ames

1983

Science

2,749

729

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The human diet contains a great variety of natural mutagens and carcinogens, as well as many natural antimutagens and anticarcinogens. Many of these mutagens and carcinogens may act through the generation of oxygen radicals. Oxygen radicals may also play a major role as endogenous initiators of degenerative processes, such as DNA damage and mutation (and promotion), that may be related to cancer, heart disease, and aging. Dietary intake of natural antioxidants could be an important aspect of the body's defense mechanism against these agents. Many antioxidants are being identified as anticarcinogens. Characterizing and optimizing such defense systems may be an important part of a strategy of minimizing cancer and other age-related diseases.

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Section: Natural Mutagens and Carcinogens In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Mutagens and Carcinogens In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens

Ames

1983

Science

2,749

729

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“…In a search for the active ingredient(s) in the unripe peach, we looked for oxidative agent(s). The ferriphenanthroline assay (13) was used for the identification of strong reducing agents. In this assay the ferri complex is reduced to the corresponding ferro complex (12).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemolysis in a G6PD‐deficient child induced by eating unripe peaches

Globerman

Navok

Chevion

1984

Scandinavian Journal of Haematology

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A child suffering from G6PD deficiency developed a severe haemolytic crisis without an apparent trigger. The possible pathogenetic role of the ingestion of unripe peaches was studied biochemically in this anaemia. We show that an extract from the unripe peach exerts an oxidative challenge on normal as well as on asymptomatic G6PDdeficient erythrocytes. This effect is analogous to that of the favisrn-inducing agents.The effect of the extract on the patient's red blood cells was more pronounced than on other asymptomatic G6PD-deficient erythrocytes, particularly during his haemolytic crisis. The chemical nature of the deleterious component was not identified. It is suggested that unripe peaches be added to the list of hazards for G6PD-deficient subjects in combination with other factors.

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“…Purity of the synthetic divicine was Ͼ99% as judged by HPLC, and mass and NMR spectral analysis (McMillan et al, 1993). The concentration of divicine (hydroquinone form) in stock solutions was monitored by measuring the reduction of ferriphenanthroline as described previously (Chevion and Navok, 1983). Na 2 51 CrO 4 in sterile saline (1 mCi/ml, pH 8) was purchased from New England Nuclear (Billerica, MA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Favism: divicine hemotoxicity in the rat

McMillan¹

1999

Toxicological Sciences

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Favism is an acute hemolytic anemia known to occur in susceptible individuals who ingest fava beans. Susceptibility to favism is conferred by a genetic deficiency in erythrocytic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity. Although the fava bean pyrimidine aglycones, divicine and isouramil, have been implicated in the onset of favism in humans, the lack of a well-defined experimental animal model for favism has hampered progress in elucidating the mechanism underlying hemotoxicity. We have examined whether a favic-like response could be provoked in G6PD-normal rats treated with synthetic divicine. Intraperitoneal administration of divicine to rats preloaded with 51Cr-tagged erythrocytes resulted in a severe, dose-dependent decrease in blood radioactivity (TD50 approximately 0.5 mmol/kg) within 24 h. The increased rate of removal of blood radioactivity was accompanied by a rapid decline in reduced glutathione levels in the blood, decreased hematocrits, marked hemoglobinuria, splenic enlargement, and reticulocytosis. In vitro exposure of 51Cr-tagged red cells to divicine before their re-administration to isologous rats also resulted in a sharp, concentration-dependent decrease in erythrocyte survival in vivo (TC50 approximately 1.5 mM), and these divicine-damaged red cells were removed from the circulation by the spleen. These data demonstrate that a favic response can be induced in G6PD-normal rats treated with divicine, and that hemolytic activity can be reproduced in isolated red cells under conditions that will allow a direct examination of the mechanism underlying this hemotoxicity.

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A novel method for quantitation of favism-inducing agents in legumes

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Dietary Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens

Dietary Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens

Haemolysis in a G6PD‐deficient child induced by eating unripe peaches

Favism: divicine hemotoxicity in the rat

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