A novel method for pesticide analysis in refined sugar samples using a gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC–MS/MS) and simple solvent extraction method

Sinha, Sukesh Narayan; Bhatnagar, V. N.; Doctor, P. B.; Toteja, GS; Agnihotri, N.P.; Kalra, R. L.

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.110

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In this study, 27 refined sugar samples were analysed in which one sample showed a detectable level of the chlorpyrifos. This study showed that Indian sugar is free from the commonly-used pesticides at the low µgg -1 levels (Sinha et al, 2011 Table 1. Different reported methods in food matrices.…”

Section: Chromatography Equipped With Different Detector For Analysismentioning

confidence: 75%

Analysis of Toxicants by Gas Chromatography

Sinha¹,

Bhatnagar²

2012

Advanced Gas Chromatography - Progress in Agricultural, Biomedical and Industrial Applications

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physical and chemical properties of compound. Gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) is used for qualitative as well as quantitative estimation of organochlorine compounds especially organochlorine pesticides. Gas chromatography coupled with nitrogen phosphorous detector (GC-NPD) is used for quantification of nitrogen and phosphorous containing compounds, especially organophosphate compounds. Gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) is used for quantification of volatile organic compounds. Gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS) is used for quantitative as well as qualitative estimation of non-polar compounds. This technique is very useful for structural confirmation as well as molecular weight determination of compounds. Now, mass spectrometer is used for measurement of molecular weight as well as structural estimation and quantification of compounds. Various types of MS may be used for analysis of protein, peptide, mapping of oligonucleotides, pesticides and air pollutants. MS is also used in industrial as well as pharmaceutical application in drug discovery, poly-aromatic hydrocarbons, poly-chlorinated biphenyl, clinical screening, haemoglobin analysis and drug testing). GC-MS is now a well established routine technique where the MS is viewed as another detector and used for analysis of air samples. GC-MS (eg. High resolution GC-MS (Electron impact (EI), chemical ionization (CI) and negative chemical ionization (NCI) (Ballschmiter et al., 1992;Fischer et al., 1992) techniques were used for the determination of relevant environment parameters (eg. PO, SH 2 0, KOW) in the mixture of organic compound. This technique was also used to study the chemistry of incomplete combustion and high temperature pyrolisis. The emission from the technical burning process, including the organic emissions of automobile and their occurrence in environmental samples were studied for the groups of polychlorinated, dibenzofuran, biphenyls, diphenyl ethers, chlorophenols and microbial degradation of polychlorinated pesticides and arenes like the dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and naphthalines. A combined GC-MS technique is used in USA for the Qualitative and quantitative analysis of methyl terbutyl ether (MTBE) and benzene in gasoline (Star et al., 2000;Quach et al., 1998). The GC-MS experiments demonstrate the use of internal standards in the method to improve precision, standard deviation, and ion extraction/monitoring for the measurement of specific highly volatile organic compounds in air samples. The thermally desorbed compounds were analysed by GC/FID (flame ionization detector)/MS utilising a GC oven program ranging from 2 0 C (to prevent column plugging by ice) to 160 0 C and separation on a 30 m x 0.32 mm DB5-MS capillary column. VOCs are identified on the basis of retention time and mass spectral search, where as quantification is based on FID response which should be calibrated weekly with VOC standards (Hodgson et al., 1989; Reidel,1996). The FID detector is mor...

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Section: Chromatography Equipped With Different Detector For Analysismentioning

confidence: 75%

Analysis of Toxicants by Gas Chromatography

Sinha¹,

Bhatnagar²

2012

Advanced Gas Chromatography - Progress in Agricultural, Biomedical and Industrial Applications

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“…The extracted ion chromatograms of alachlor, malathion, dimethoate, chlorpyrifos and metribuzin (10 µg · L -1 spikes) are shown in Figure 2. The isolation of ions of OP pesticides was carried out in a similar fashion as per the reported method [10,14,17,18]. In first series of experiment the full scan spectra were recorded, using manual tuning in FIA mode after that the characteristic stable ions were isolated for MRM transition for confirmation and quantification of five pesticides in water samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inter-day percentage recoveries, the relative standard deviation (RSD), limit of quantification (LOQ) and the limit of detection (LOD) were determined as per the reported methodology [17,18], and the results are shown in Table 4. The obtained percent recoveries for all these pesticides were found to be in the range of 96% -103% of the standard value (Table 2) [19,20].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, this, the three principle ion criteria was applied for isolation of two of the most intense product ions: one ion was used for quantification, whereas the other was used for confirmation. The method of isolation of ions were carried out as per reported method [10,14,18,19]. The optimization of the source dependent parameters, such as curtain gas, heating gas (GS2) and nebulizing gas were carried out in the flow injection analysis (FIA) mode.…”

Section: Multiple Reaction Monitoring (Mrm) Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) Study of Distribution Patterns of Base Peak Ions and Reaction Mechanism with Quantification of Pesticides in Drinking Water Using a Lyophilization Technique

Sinha¹

2011

AJAC

Self Cite

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In the process of the development of agriculture, pesticides have become an important tool as an insecticide to kill the insect from plant for boosting food production. Therefore the insecticides/pesticides and herbicides have been used in India for agriculture setting. In this connection a sensitive method for the quantification of 5 pesticides in drinking water samples to the µg· L -1 level has been developed. The paper also describes the effect of dissociation energy on ion formation and sensitivity of pesticides in water samples. The structure, ion formations, distribution of base peak and fragmentation schemes were correlated with the different dissociation energies. The new ion was obtained at different mass to charge ratio, which was the characteristic ion peak of targeted pesticide. Additionally, a simple solvent lyophilization followed by selective analysis using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method was used. This method was accurate (≥98%) as it possesses limits of detection in the 6 -38 ng· L -1 range, and the percentage relative standard deviations are less than 8.62% at the low µg· L -1 end of the method"s linear range. The percentage recovery of all the pesticides at the 0.1 µg · L -1 levels of detection ranges from 92% -104%. This method was used for the quantification of pesticides in water samples collected from different parts from urban city of Hyderabad, India. In this study, 13 water samples were analyzed in which all samples showed detectable level of the malathion and alachlor. The concentration of pesticides ranged from 0.004 µg · L -1 to 0.691 µg · L -1 exceeded to the maximum residual limit of Indian standard.

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“…Although the use of pesticides in agricultural applications provides a wide range of beneficial effects, their inappropriate use can result in unacceptably high levels of compounds in the products that could reach the consumers directly or indirectly (Cserháti et al, 2004;Walorczyk, 2007). The extensive use of pesticides has been a concern because of their potential harm to the environment and known or suspected toxic effects in humans, such as acute neurological toxicity, neurodevelopmental impairment, possible dysfunction of the immune, reproductive and endocrine systems, cancer, chronic kidney diseases and other potential diseases (Guan et al, 2010;Hercegová, Dömötörová, & Matisová, 2007;Sinha et al, 2011). Due to these concerns, the monitoring of pesticide residues in food products, especially in raw fruits and vegetables, must be pursued.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%