A novel method based on thermal conductivity for material identification in scrap industry: An experimental validation

Cüce, Erdem; Cuce, Pınar Mert; Güçlü, Tamer; Besir, Ahmet B.; Gökçe, Erkan; Serencam, Uğur

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2018.06.014

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Nevertheless, in this method, the shredder equipment, the shredder process, original hollow or tubular materials and other factors may have a greater impact on the classification accuracy. Cuce et al [35] used the thermal conductivity measurement to identify materials, and carried out experimental verification on Cu, brass, SS and Al. The reported error of identification was less than 5%, and even the measurement error of aluminum thermal conductivity was only 0.56%.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has strong material adaptability due to less influence from the thin layer contamination of the material surface, compared with color sorting [4], XFR [13] and LIBS [14]. It is closer to the practical engineering application than the methods of heat conduction [35] and magnetic induction [15,19]. The initial investment of this method is relatively higher than that proposed by Koyanaka et al [6] or the color-sorting method; however, it has higher efficiency and lower long-term operation costs, due to multiple sorting at one measurement.…”

Section: Center-of-gravity Coordinates Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combination of Dual-Energy X-ray Transmission and Variable Gas-Ejection for the In-Line Automatic Sorting of Many Types of Scrap in One Measurement

Tian-zhong

2021

Applied Sciences

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As an important part of pretreatment before recycling, sorting has a great impact on the quality, efficiency, cost and difficulty of recycling. In this paper, dual-energy X-ray transmission (DE-XRT) combined with variable gas-ejection is used to improve the quality and efficiency of in-line automatic sorting of waste non-ferrous metals. A method was proposed to judge the sorting ability, identify the types, and calculate the mass and center-of-gravity coordinates according to the shading of low-energy, the line scan direction coordinate and transparency natural logarithm ratio of low energy to high energy (R_value). The material identification was satisfied by the nearest neighbor algorithm of effective points in the material range to the R_value calibration surface. The flow-process of identification was also presented. Based on the thickness of the calibration surface, the material mass and center-of-gravity coordinates were calculated. The feasibility of controlling material falling points by variable gas-ejection was analyzed. The experimental verification of self-made materials showed that identification accuracy by count basis was 85%, mass and center-of-gravity coordinates calculation errors were both below 5%. The method proposed features high accuracy, high efficiency, and low operation cost and is of great application value even to other solid waste sorting, such as plastics, glass and ceramics.

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Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Center-of-gravity Coordinates Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Dual-Energy X-ray Transmission and Variable Gas-Ejection for the In-Line Automatic Sorting of Many Types of Scrap in One Measurement

Tian-zhong

2021

Applied Sciences

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“…As the boiling point of any alloy corresponds to the highest value of the boiling point of its components, the melting point of brass will be~900 • C [55,70], and the boiling point will be~2590 • C. In the same way, it can be supposed that the melting point for samples produced of the conductive ceramic will be 3140 • C as for the TiC component.…”

Section: Electrical Properties and Electrical Discharge Machining Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measured and calculated electrical properties of sintered composites in comparison with the Al2O3-TiC (40 vol.%) cutting ceramic (K01, ISO), TiC particles and brass wire material CuZn35 (426-1, ISO) are shown in Table 2. [55] 135,135.0 13,513,500 0.074 7.4 × 10 −8 1 Experimental value measured in absolute units; 2 calculated value; 3 given for reference.…”

Section: Electrical Properties and Electrical Discharge Machining Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of TiC Additive on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Al2O3 Ceramic

et al. 2018

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In this study the influence of TiC content on the mechanical and electrical properties of Al2O3-TiC composites containing 30 and 40 vol.% TiC were investigated. The Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of the composites increased with the addition of TiC phase. The composite with 40 vol.% TiC showed the highest flexural strength (687 ± 39 MPa), fracture toughness (7.8 ± 0.4 MPa·m1/2) and hardness (22.3 ± 0.3 GPa) with a homogeneous distribution of the second phase within the ceramic matrix. Besides enhanced mechanical properties, it was found that ceramic composites with more than 30 vol.% TiC fabricated by the spark plasma sintering possess sufficient electrical conductivity for electrical discharge machining as well. Therefore, they do not limit the flexibility of the shape, and any intricate parts can be easily made with these composites which can be recommended for the production of cutting inserts in the tools for machining of superhard hardened steels, hard-to-machine materials, composites and other materials used in mechanical engineering.

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“…Le Quang [25] studied the size effect on the effective through-thickness conductivity of heterogeneous plates showing that the size effect of the effective through-thickness conductivity is more significant than the one of the effective in-plane conductivity. Cuce [26] presented a method based on thermal conductivity for material identification in scrap industry. The experimental thermal conductivity values of the samples were compared with the data available in the scientific literature and a good accordance was achieved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel calibration system for heat flow meters: Experimental and numerical analysis

Cortellessa

Iacomini

2019

Measurement

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A novel method based on thermal conductivity for material identification in scrap industry: An experimental validation

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Combination of Dual-Energy X-ray Transmission and Variable Gas-Ejection for the In-Line Automatic Sorting of Many Types of Scrap in One Measurement

Combination of Dual-Energy X-ray Transmission and Variable Gas-Ejection for the In-Line Automatic Sorting of Many Types of Scrap in One Measurement

The Effect of TiC Additive on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Al2O3 Ceramic

A novel calibration system for heat flow meters: Experimental and numerical analysis

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