A Novel Mechanism for the Synthesis of Tin / Tin Oxide Nanoparticles of Low Size Dispersion and of Nanostructured SnO2 for the Sensitive Layers of Gas Sensors

Nayral, Céline; Ould‐Ely, Teyeb; Maisonnat, André; Chaudret, Bruno; Fau, Pierre; Lescouzères, L.; Peyre-Lavigne, A.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-4095(199901)11:1<61::aid-adma61>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 180 publications

(115 citation statements)

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“…[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] We have shown that this methodology can be extended to the synthesis of nanoparticles of metal oxides with a precise control of morphology. [34][35][36][37] which can be, in a second step, oxidized into well crystallized nanoparticles of the corresponding oxides, without coalescence. We recently reported a direct organometallic route to prepare ZnO colloidal solutions containing nanoparticles of controlled size and shape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organometallic approach for platinum and palladium doping of tin and tin oxide nanoparticles: structural characterisation and gas sensor investigations

et al. 2006

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Platinum and palladium surface doped tin nanoparticles have been obtained by decomposition of [Pt 2 (dba) 3 ] and [Pd(dba) 2 ] organometallic precursors, respectively, in a colloidal suspension of tin/ tin oxide core-shell nanoparticles of uniform size (E13 nm), in anisole under 1 bar of carbon monoxide at room temperature. The particles can be isolated as pure solids and present effective doping ratios [Pt]/[Sn] and [Pd]/[Sn] of 2.5 and 3.1%, respectively. These nanomaterials have been characterized by means of transmission electron and high-resolution transmission electron microscopies (TEM and HRTEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS and XANES). The TEM micrographs show spherical nanoparticles whose size and size distribution are essentially similar to those of the initial Sn/SnO x material. HRTEM, EDX, XPS and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies at the Pd and/or Sn-K edge show the conservation of the composite nature of the particles that consist of a tin(0) core covered with a layer of tin oxides on which the doping element is deposited under the form of crystalline metallic platelets of size near 2 nm. The thermal oxidation of these Pt-or Pd-doped tin materials yields nanoparticles of crystallized SnO 2 covered with crystallites of Pt or Pd oxides, as demonstrated by XRD, XPS and XAS experiments, without coalescence or size change. In the oxidised Pd-doped material, EXAFS analysis combined with HRTEM, point towards the formation of two main Pd disordered oxide phases: a rather pure oxopalladate Pd 3.5 O 4 -type phase at the surface of the particle and a mixed Pd/Sn phase having a PdO structure-type at the interface Pd oxide/Sn oxide. The thermal oxidation process can be easily achieved onto the silicon platform of a micro-machined device after integration of the Pt-or Pd-doped Sn/SnO x colloidal suspension by drop deposition. The first electrical measurements indicate remarkable behaviours of the as-obtained microsensors when exposed to traces of carbon monoxide. In addition to the expected large increase of sensitivity of the doped relatively to the undoped sensitive layer measured in humid atmosphere, a surprising and unprecedented inversion of sensitivity from undoped to Pt-and Pd-doped sensors has been observed in dry atmosphere.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organometallic approach for platinum and palladium doping of tin and tin oxide nanoparticles: structural characterisation and gas sensor investigations

et al. 2006

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“…Recently, Nayral et al [6] proposed an interesting route to synthesize nanometer-size SnO 2 particles, based on the oxidation of Sn 0 nanoparticles. The tin nanoparticles were prepared by controlled decomposition of an organometallic precursor such as [Sn(NMe 2 ) 2 ] 2 .…”

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A New Method to Control Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution of SnO2 Nanoparticles for Gas Sensor Applications

et al. 2000

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The controlled growth of SnO2 nanoparticles for gas sensor applications is reported by these authors. Nb2O5 additive is used to control nucleation and growth of the SnO2 (see Figure), which is synthesized by the polymeric precursor method. Preliminary gas sensing measurements are performed and it is demonstrated that the response time of the Nb2O5‐doped SnO2 is faster than that of the undoped material.

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“…Entre os métodos mais empregados podem ser citadas a co-precipitação, sol-gel, condensação de fase gasosa, spray-pirólises, microemulsão, microondas, oxidação de Sn 0 , precursor polimérico e rotas hidrotérmicas, entre outras [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] . A co-precipitação e o sol-gel são geralmente preferidos pela facilidade de execução e bons resultados obtidos.…”

Section: Nanopartículasunclassified

Dióxido de estanho nanoestruturado: síntese e crescimento de nanocristais e nanofitas

Maciel¹,

Longo²,

Leite³

2003

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 15/5/02; aceito em 2/6/03 NANOSTRUCTURED TIN DIOXIDE: SYNTHESIS AND GROWTH OF NANOCRYSTALS AND NANORIBBONS. The objectives of this work are to supply a basic background on nanostructured materials and also to report about the obtaining of nanoparticles, mainly, tin dioxide nanocrystalline particles (obtained by using the polymeric precursor method) presenting a high stability against particle growth due to the usage of a metastable solid solution. The synthesis and growth of SnO 2 nanoribbons by a carbothermal reduction process are also discussed.Keywords: nanostructured materials; tin dioxide; metastable solid solution. INTRODUÇÃOA nanociência figura como uma das áreas mais atraentes e promissoras para o desenvolvimento tecnológico neste século. Para confirmação desta tendência é suficiente que se faça uma busca em qualquer um dos principais periódicos de alcance internacional, por exemplo, Science, onde pode ser verificado um aumento gradativo do número de trabalhos envolvendo nanoestruturas e nanotecnologia. Na literatura científica são encontrados diversos termos relacionados à nanociência, dentre os quais podemos citar nanopartículas, nanocristais, nanofios, nanofitas, nanotubos, nanocompósitos 1-11 etc. Na realidade, todos estes são ou estão relacionados com materiais nanoestruturados, que apresentam características estruturais bem definidas.As propriedades físicas e químicas de materiais em escala nanométrica (normalmente definida no intervalo de 1-100 nm) são de imenso interesse e crescente importância para futuras aplicações tecnológicas. Materiais nanoestruturados geralmente exibem propriedades diferenciadas com relação aos demais materiais. Pode-se encontrar na literatura vários exemplos de como propriedades do tipo magnética, óptica, ponto de fusão, calor específico e reatividade de superfície podem ser afetadas pelo tamanho de partícula [12][13][14][15][16] . Normalmente, as modificações mais sensíveis nas propriedades desses materiais acontecem quando as partículas se apresentam na faixa de 1-10 nm de tamanho. Estas mudanças são conhecidas como efeitos quânticos de tamanho (confinamento), e sua origem está diretamente relacionada ao tipo de ligação química no cristal 17 . A relação entre propriedades e tamanho de partícula é conhecida desde o século XIX, quando Faraday mostrou que a cor de partículas coloidais de Au pode ser modificada mudando o tamanho das partículas de Au 18 . No entanto, apesar da longa história que envolve este assunto, o interesse em nanopartículas foi significativo apenas nos últimos 10 anos. As atividades de pesquisas relacionadas a esta área foram impulsionadas pela habilidade para controlar as propriedades dos materiais através do controle do tamanho das partículas. Este desenvolvimento pode resultar em novas tecnologias, inclusive conversão de energia [19][20][21][22][23] Neste trabalho apresenta-se uma abordagem inicial sobre materiais nanoestruturados, em especial o dióxido de estanho, envolvendo alguns aspectos básicos. Versa-se sobre a técnica de ob...

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A Novel Mechanism for the Synthesis of Tin / Tin Oxide Nanoparticles of Low Size Dispersion and of Nanostructured SnO2 for the Sensitive Layers of Gas Sensors

Cited by 180 publications

References 8 publications

Organometallic approach for platinum and palladium doping of tin and tin oxide nanoparticles: structural characterisation and gas sensor investigations

Organometallic approach for platinum and palladium doping of tin and tin oxide nanoparticles: structural characterisation and gas sensor investigations

A New Method to Control Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution of SnO2 Nanoparticles for Gas Sensor Applications

Dióxido de estanho nanoestruturado: síntese e crescimento de nanocristais e nanofitas

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