A novel mechanism for GABA synthesis and packaging into synaptic vesicles

Buddhala, Chandana; Hsu, Che‐Chang; Wu, Jang‐Yen

doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2009.01.020

Cited by 113 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…There are two isoforms of this enzyme, GAD65 and GAD67, with considerable homology. In neurons GAD67 is distributed throughout the cytosol, whereas GAD65 is found in synaptic vesicles [13]. Human lymphocytes appear to express only GAD67 [6].…”

Section: Gaba and Its Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological GABAergic interactions and therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases

Prud’homme

Glinka

Wang

2015

Autoimmunity Reviews

105

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Section: Gaba and Its Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological GABAergic interactions and therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases

Prud’homme

Glinka

Wang

2015

Autoimmunity Reviews

105

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“…Patients with schizophrenia also show anomalous levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), another important neurotransmitter [20], which is synthesized from glutamate by the action of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) [127]. GABA activates GABA A receptors, which are ion channels, and GABA B receptors, which are G-protein-coupled receptors [128].…”

Section: The Importance Of Dopamine and Other Neurotransmittersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii and Schizophrenia: A Relationship That Is Not Ruled Out

Sorlózano-Puerto¹,

Gutiérrez‐Fernández²

2016

Schizophrenia Treatment - The New Facets

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Over recent years, it has been proposed that some diseases of unknown origin, such as schizophrenia, may be caused by persistent chronic infections coupled with a genetic component and may be perpetuated by the immune system. This hypothesis is supported by epidemiological and biological evidence on the exposure of schizophrenics to infectious diseases during prenatal or postnatal periods, including Toxoplasma gondii, chlamydia, human herpes virus, human endogenous retroviruses, parvovirus B19, mumps, and flu viruses. This growing list of microbes will undoubtedly continue to increase in the future. Linking infection to schizophrenia is a complex challenge that requires further experimental and epidemiological research. T. gondii is the infectious agent that has most frequently been related to neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, and it is considered to represent a highly useful model to analyze the influence of a microorganism on human behavior and the development of psychiatric disease. It may also help to detect patient subpopulations susceptible to treatment with specific antimicrobials by improving definition of the differential phenotype of the disease, and it offers the possibility of a preventive approach.

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“…GABA is biosynthesized from the aminoacid glutamate via the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) [38]. GAD exists in two isoforms, GAD67 and GAD65, which are encoded by the GAD1 and GAD2 genes [39]. GABA is crucially needed in early developments, neuronal differentiation and in phases of maturation as well [40].…”

Section: Neurotransmitter Signalling and Implications In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Clues and Altered Metabolic Findings in Autism: Breakthroughs and Prospects from Omics Studies

Mowafy¹

2016

Autism Open Access

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive broad-spectrum disorder that involves multifaceted delays in the development of many basic, social, and communication skills. The etiology of ASD is multifactorial and involves interplay among genetic, neurologic, hormonal, metabolic, immune-inflammatory, and environmental factors; which further complicate both the diagnosis and management in affected individuals. This review delineates the underpinnings of clinical challenges posed by ASD, like clinical heterogeneity of patient presentation, unresolved ASD genomic map and deficient drug therapy. Besides, it addresses the emerging pathogenic, etiologic, and diagnostic clues of diverse origins, encompassing genetic-, neurotransmitter-, androgenic-and immunoinflammatory-anomalies in ASD patients, as availed by advances in Omics technologies (like genomics and proteomics). Moreover, as unravelled by metabolomics studies, metabolic flaws that pertain to amino acids, fatty acids, mitochondrial anomalies, and oxidative-stress are highlighted and further correlated with the extent of clinical picture and malbehaviors coherent with ASD patients. Lastly, future directions are underlined to promote and rationalize ASD research so as to help translate its findings into remedy.

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A novel mechanism for GABA synthesis and packaging into synaptic vesicles

Cited by 113 publications

References 48 publications

Immunological GABAergic interactions and therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases

Immunological GABAergic interactions and therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases

Toxoplasma gondii and Schizophrenia: A Relationship That Is Not Ruled Out

Emerging Clues and Altered Metabolic Findings in Autism: Breakthroughs and Prospects from Omics Studies

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