A novel mathematical method based on urea kinetic modeling for computing the dialysis dose

Double target comparison of blood-side methods for measuring the hemodialysis dose

“…The high accuracy of this indirect method for measuring G has been verified in clinical and analytical studies [15,31,39].…”

“…This condition was implemented by making c 1 (t f ) equal to the urea nitrogen concentration in the nonaccessible compartment, c 2 (t f ) (see Appendix). The value of mKt/V computed by this methodology is hardly dependent on t f , and thus we can neglect small deviations in mKt/V associated to the selected t f value [31].…”

“…It was calculated by the anthropometric formula from Watson et al [38], thanks to the low sensitivity of the mKt/V obtained by the 2pUKM to the errors of V T [31]. The urea distribution volume was considered constant during the 30 minutes after until the end of HD session.…”

“…First, the index validated by the NCDS and many subsequent clinical studies is the spKt/V [3,6,7], which is closer to mKt/V than eKt/V [31]. Second, the difference mKt/V-eKt/V carries information about the weight of the mechanisms involved in urea disequilibrium, as shown in Figure 1 [31]. Their relative weight may be discriminated by drawing blood samples at 0 seconds, 20 seconds, and 2 minutes after the end of the session, as a function of the type of vascular access.…”

Cardiovascular stability and patient dependent mass transfer during dialysis

“…Several single pool models, allowing accurate determination of the concentration of a specific solute [1] are present in the literature; double pool models also exist to study a single solute exchange [2,3]. Actually these models are not able to describe the physiopathological mechanism affecting plasma refilling and inducing intradialysis discomfort.…”