A Novel lncRNA, AK130181, Contributes to HIV-1 Latency by Regulating Viral Promoter-Driven Gene Expression in Primary CD4+ T Cells

Li, Haiyu; Chi, Xiangbo; Li, Rong; Ouyang, Jing; Chen, Yaokai

doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2020.04.011

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…51 LOC105747689, also named AK130181, which is highly expressed in CD4 + T lymphocytes, suppresses nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) activity. 52 STXBP5-AS1 was reported to inhibit cell proliferation 53 and also coexpressed with PRUNE2 in our co-expression analysis. To our knowledge, the role of these lncRNAs in MSC aging has not yet been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Effects of long-term culture on the biological characteristics and RNA profiles of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Wang

et al. 2021

Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Effects of long-term culture on the biological characteristics and RNA profiles of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Wang

et al. 2021

Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids

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“…Despite the growing evidence associating lncRNAs to crucial immune regulatory roles (Heward and Lindsay 2014;Marina R. Hadjicharalambous 2019), studies focusing on the long non-coding RNA response upon infection at single-cell resolution are scarce (Li et al 2020a;Wang et al 2020). A main reason for this is that lncRNA annotations remain largely incomplete.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo single-cell profiling of lncRNAs during Ebola virus infection

Santus

García-Pérez

Sopena-Rios

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pivotal mediators of systemic immune response to viral infection, yet most studies concerning their expression and functions upon immune stimulation are limited to in vitro bulk cell populations. This strongly constrains our understanding of how lncRNA expression varies at single-cell resolution, and how their cell-type specific immune regulatory roles may differ compared to protein-coding genes. Here, we perform the first in-depth characterization of lncRNA expression variation at single-cell resolution during Ebola virus (EBOV) infection in vivo. Using bulk RNA-sequencing from 119 samples and 12 tissue types, we significantly expand the current macaque lncRNA annotation. We then profile lncRNA expression variation in immune circulating single-cells during EBOV infection and find that lncRNAs' expression in fewer cells is a major differentiating factor from their protein-coding gene counterparts. Upon EBOV infection, lncRNAs present dynamic and mostly cell-type specific changes in their expression profiles especially in monocytes, the main cell type targeted by EBOV. Such changes are associated with gene regulatory modules related to important innate immune responses such as interferon response and purine metabolism. Within infected cells, several lncRNAs have positively and negatively correlated expression with viral load, suggesting that expression of some of these lncRNAs might be directly hijacked by EBOV to attack host cells. This study provides novel insights into the roles that lncRNAs play in the host response to acute viral infection and paves the way for future lncRNA studies at single-cell resolution.

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“…Interestingly, the knockdown of NRON increases HIV-1 replication by enhancing NFAT activity ( Imam et al, 2015 ). In another study, Li et al reported that a novel lncRNA AK130181 (also named LOC105747689) was highly expressed in latently infected CD4+ T lymphocytes and inhibited HIV-1 transcription in an NF-κB-dependent manner ( Li et al, 2020 ). Considering these latency mechanisms and other regulations for HIV-1 gene expression ( Table 1 ), HIV-1 latency appears to be established by both cis- and trans-regulatory elements and in a cell lineage-specific manner.…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into Persistent HIV-1 Infection and Functional Cure: Novel Capabilities and Strategies

Malik

Anderson

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Although HIV-1 replication can be efficiently suppressed to undetectable levels in peripheral blood by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), lifelong medication is still required in people living with HIV (PLWH). Life expectancies have been extended by cART, but age-related comorbidities have increased which are associated with heavy physiological and economic burdens on PLWH. The obstacle to a functional HIV cure can be ascribed to the formation of latent reservoir establishment at the time of acute infection that persists during cART. Recent studies suggest that some HIV reservoirs are established in the early acute stages of HIV infection within multiple immune cells that are gradually shaped by various host and viral mechanisms and may undergo clonal expansion. Early cART initiation has been shown to reduce the reservoir size in HIV-infected individuals. Memory CD4+ T cell subsets are regarded as the predominant cellular compartment of the HIV reservoir, but monocytes and derivative macrophages or dendritic cells also play a role in the persistent virus infection. HIV latency is regulated at multiple molecular levels in transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. Epigenetic regulation of the proviral promoter can profoundly regulate the viral transcription. In addition, transcriptional elongation, RNA splicing, and nuclear export pathways are also involved in maintaining HIV latency. Although most proviruses contain large internal deletions, some defective proviruses may induce immune activation by expressing viral proteins or producing replication-defective viral-like particles. In this review article, we discuss the state of the art on mechanisms of virus persistence in the periphery and tissue and summarize interdisciplinary approaches toward a functional HIV cure, including novel capabilities and strategies to measure and eliminate the infected reservoirs and induce immune control.

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A Novel lncRNA, AK130181, Contributes to HIV-1 Latency by Regulating Viral Promoter-Driven Gene Expression in Primary CD4+ T Cells

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of long-term culture on the biological characteristics and RNA profiles of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Effects of long-term culture on the biological characteristics and RNA profiles of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

In vivo single-cell profiling of lncRNAs during Ebola virus infection

Insights Into Persistent HIV-1 Infection and Functional Cure: Novel Capabilities and Strategies

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