UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) is av ital metabolic enzyme responsible for the clearance of endogenous substances and drugs.H itherto,t he development of fluorescent probes for UGTs was severely restricted due to the poor isoform selectivity and on-off or blue-shifted fluorescence response.Herein, we established anovel "molecular-splicing" strategy to construct ah ighly selective nearinfrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, HHC,f or UGT1A1, which exhibited aN IR signal at 720 nm after UGT1A1 metabolism. HHC was then successfully used for the real-time imaging of endogenous UGT1A1 in living cells and animals and to monitor the bile excretion function. In summary,a ni soformspecific NIR fluorescent probe has been developed for monitoring UGT1A1 activity in living systems,h igh-throughput screening of novel UGT1A1 inhibitors and visual evaluation of bile excretion function.