A Novel Liquid Adulteration Sensor Based on a Self Complementary Antenna

Rajendran, Jolly; Menon, Sreedevi K.; Donelli, and Massimo

doi:10.2528/pierc20040802

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[10][11][12][13] As microwave characterization techniques are non-destructive and provide a non-invasive environment for material testing, they are used in the health, agriculture, and food industries. [14][15][16] Among different microwave characterization techniques, resonant methods are normally viewed as the most consistent and precise. These strategies include testing at a single frequency or some discrete resonant frequencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene based T‐shaped monopole antenna sensor for food quality evaluation

Nitika,

Kaur,

Khanna

2024

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUNDFood adulteration has long been considered a major problem. It compromises the quality, safety, and nutritional value of food, posing significant risks to public health. Novel techniques are required to control it.RESULTSA graphene‐based T‐shaped monopole antenna sensor was tested for its ability to detect adulteration in liquid foods. Mustard oil was the pure reference sample used for product quality analysis. Olive oil and rice bran oil were adulterants added to the pure sample. It was found that the sensor could be immersed easily in the liquid sample and provided precise results.CONCLUSIONThe graphene‐based T‐shaped monopole antenna sensor can be used for the quality assessment of liquid food products and is suitable for real‐time monitoring. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene based T‐shaped monopole antenna sensor for food quality evaluation

Nitika,

Kaur,

Khanna

2024

J Sci Food Agric

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“…In addition, microwave technology provides non-destructive and non-invasive environment for material testing [12,13]. Hence, microwave characterization techniques have found a wide range of applications in the field of health, agriculture, and food industries [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of adulteration in common raw spices using antenna-based sensor

Nitika

Kaur

Khanna

2022

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

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The ability of food products to store and dissipate electromagnetic energy is determined by the material's dielectric properties. In relation to this phenomenon, a non-destructive technique is presented for food evaluation based on the shift in resonant frequency and reflection coefficient magnitude value of the proposed slot-loaded microstrip line-fed antenna-based sensor caused by the change in dielectric properties of the food material. In this work, a miniaturized antenna sensor of 10 × 10 mm2 size comprised of a dielectric substrate FR-4 with permittivity (εr) = 4.4 having ground plane at the bottom and a radiating element at the top is designed to operate at 13.3 GHz. Three samples of spices, i.e. red chilli powder, black pepper powder, and turmeric powder, are considered for quality monitoring whose relationship in terms of reflection coefficient, resonant frequency, and dielectric permittivity at 13.17, 12.61, and 13.09 GHz respectively is analyzed. Further, second-order polynomial model is derived to predict dielectric permittivity of the material under test with high accuracy. The experimental procedure of this proposed sensor is based upon the interaction of the sample food materials with the electromagnetic field owing to shift in resonant frequency as a function of dielectric permittivity of the samples. The proposed antenna sensor has a Q-factor of 409, showing significantly high sensitivity of 280 MHz with 98% accuracy and standard deviation less than the difference between unadulterated and adulterated values, giving resolution high enough to distinguish adulteration with an acceptable statistical accuracy.

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“…20 For humidity sensing, a polymer-loaded ultrawide band radio-frequency identification sensor has been rendered. 21,22 Several similar antennas have been introduced for air quality checking, medical monitoring, food evaluation, and so on. 23,24 All the aforementioned methods in the literature are quite accurate, but they are considered to be time-consuming, having somewhat complex procedures and data interpretation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A dual‐frequency circular microstrip patch sensor (MPS) for use as a moisture sensor was presented by Ghretli et al ., 19 and an ultrawide band MPS has been introduced as an imaging system for medical diagnosis 20 . For humidity sensing, a polymer‐loaded ultrawide band radio‐frequency identification sensor has been rendered 21,22 . Several similar antennas have been introduced for air quality checking, medical monitoring, food evaluation, and so on 23,24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel monkey‐wrench‐shaped microstrip patch sensor for food evaluation and analysis

2021

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BACKGROUND: Microwave sensor technology is considered to be a non-destructive and hygienic means for food evaluation and analysis. The rapid progress in microwave sensor technologies motivated us to present a novel monkey-wrench-shaped microstrip patch sensor for evaluating food quality. The proposed antenna is considered as a liquid sensor to detect adulteration in liquids by examining the relationship between concentration, shift in resonant frequency, and variation in reflection coefficient. RESULTS:The sensor has a compact size of 17 × 14 mm 2 imprinted on an FR4 substrate of thickness 1.57 mm. This microwave system is proposed for monitoring overall milk quality using a microstrip sensor and has considerably good numerical sensitivity and accuracy (13.11% and 88.5% respectively), which makes the system attractive for detecting adulteration. Further, the Q-factor for the proposed sensor is 209 and has a standard deviation less than the difference between non-adulterated and adulterated values, giving resolution high enough to distinguish adulteration with an acceptable statistical accuracy. In this study, different milk categories (buffalo, goat, and cow milk) are considered as liquid samples to detect adulteration by demonstrating the variation in reflection coefficient due to change in dielectric properties for the following different cases: (i) adulteration of milk with water; (ii) adulteration of milk with synthetic milk powder; (iii) adulteration of milk with caustic soda; and (iv) adulteration of milk with vegetable oil. The referred variation in reflection coefficient and resonant frequency is due to a change in the dielectric properties of a liquid when a varying concentration of an adulterant/solute is added to the liquid sample.CONCLUSION: The simulation and measured results show good agreement that validates the proposed sensor for food adulteration detection with high sensitivity. In terms of performance, the proposed sensor shows accuracy with high spatial resolution and reduced penetration depth to detect the adulteration in various milk samples (i.e. buffalo, goat, and cow milk).

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A Novel Liquid Adulteration Sensor Based on a Self Complementary Antenna

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Graphene based T‐shaped monopole antenna sensor for food quality evaluation

Graphene based T‐shaped monopole antenna sensor for food quality evaluation

Exploration of adulteration in common raw spices using antenna-based sensor

Novel monkey‐wrench‐shaped microstrip patch sensor for food evaluation and analysis

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