A Novel Instrument for Bed Dynamics Observation Supports Machine Learning Applications in Mangrove Biogeomorphic Processes

Hu, Zhan; Zhou, Jiawei; Wang, C.; Wang, H.; He, Zixiao; Peng, Yisheng; Zheng, Peng; Cozzoli, Francesco; Bouma, Tjeerd J.

doi:10.1029/2020wr027257

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Overall, the above-mentioned weight, layer thickness or distances are measured either semi-continuous on temporal scales of days-weeks, or intermittent on temporal scales of months-years. The recently developed SED sensor forms a promising technique to monitor surface accretion and erosion in mangroves continuously on the timescale of months-years (Hu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Morphology and Sediment Transport Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-Based Engineering: A Review on Reducing Coastal Flood Risk With Mangroves

et al. 2021

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Integration of mangroves in projects to reduce coastal flood risk is increasingly being recognised as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative. In addition to the construction of conventional hard flood protection infrastructure, mangroves not only contribute to attenuating flood events (functionality), they also recover in, and adapt to, a changing climate (persistence). The implementation of mangroves in flood risk reduction, however, remains complex. This is because the innate functionality and persistence of mangroves depend on a range of environmental conditions. Importantly, mangroves may collapse when environmental impacts or climatic changes exceed key system thresholds, bringing uncertainty into a situation where failure could endanger lives and livelihoods. The uncertainties in mangrove functionality and persistence can be dealt with by (1) improving insights in how ecological and physical processes affect mangrove functionality and persistence across scales, (2) advancing tools to accurately assess and predict mangrove functionality and persistence, and (3) adopting an adaptive management approach combined with appropriate engineering interventions to enhance mangrove functionality and persistence. Here, we review existing evidence, monitoring techniques and modelling approaches from the viewpoint of mangrove functionality and persistence. Inspired by existing guidelines for Nature-based Solutions (NbS) to reduce flood risk, we provide an operationalization for this new approach. In addition, we identify where further research efforts are required for the practical application of mangroves in coastal flood risk management. Key aspects in the variability and uncertainty of the functionality and persistence of mangroves are their failure and recovery mechanisms, which are greatly site- and storm-specific. We propose five characteristic damage regimes that result in increasing reductions of mangrove functionality as well as post-storm recovery periods. Further research on the quantification of these regimes and their thresholds is required for the successful integration of mangroves in coastal flood risk management. Ultimately, the key challenge is the development of adaptive management strategies to optimise long-term mangrove functionality and persistence, or their resilience. Such adaptive strategies should be informed by continued mangrove functionality and persistence assessments, based on continued monitoring and modelling of key mangrove thresholds, and supported through well-established guidelines.

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Section: Morphology and Sediment Transport Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-Based Engineering: A Review on Reducing Coastal Flood Risk With Mangroves

et al. 2021

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“…Before an universal process-based model is obtained, data-driven models (DDMs) can be a good alternative (Goldstein and Coco, 2014). With the recent development of ocean observational technologies, high-resolution large-scale observations are becoming more readily available (Hu et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2021b). Therefore, DDMs have been introduced to water research for the forcasting of hydrodynamics (Ye et al, 2021), e.g., wave (James et al, 2018;Stringari et al, 2019;Pena and Huang, 2021;den Bieman et al, 2021) and current parameters (de Silva et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A physics-informed statistical learning framework for forecasting local suspended sediment concentrations in marine environment

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Water Research

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“…Mangroves usually grow in muddy intertidal zone in delta, estuary, lagoon, and other depositional landforms with sheltered hydrological conditions (Giri et al, 2011;Woodroffe et al, 2016;Hu Z. et al, 2020). Large rivers transport sediment and nutrients, resulting in deposition of intertidal ecosystems (e.g., tidal flats and mangroves).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mangrove Loss and Gain in a Densely Populated Urban Estuary: Lessons From the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

et al. 2021

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Understanding the recent changes in mangrove adjacent to mega-cities is critical for conservation, management, and policymaking in coastal zones with fast population growth and global change. Here we investigated mangrove area changes in one of the world’s largest urban areas near the main estuaries in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). Mangrove area changes are quantified for the period 1990–2018 by analyzing multiple sources of satellite images by classification algorithms. We found that estuarine mangrove area dynamics are driven by human actions and are contrasting between these two periods. (1) During 1990–2000, the estuarine mangrove area approximately decreased from 11.5 to 6.9 km2, among which the bulk part was transformed into aquaculture ponds (41.1%) and built-up area (29.9%). (2) During 2000–2018, the estuarine mangrove area rapidly increased to 18.3 km2 resulting from the protection and restoration efforts. Proportions of mangrove occurring in nature reserves increased from 37.5% in 1990 to >80% in the 2000s. Two major mangrove expansion ways, natural establishment (NE, in protected areas without any human interference) and human afforestation (HA) accounted almost equally (53.1 and 46.9%) for the gained estuarine mangrove area during 2010–2018. A future projection according to the current mangrove increasing rate suggests that all the low-lying land that is theoretically suitable for mangrove afforestation would be used up by 2060. Although afforestation has contributed to important gains in mangrove quantity, we highlight that it may also imply decreased habitat quality. It has resulted in a great occupation of high tidal mudflats and a loss of their valuable ecosystem services, and it may lead to spreading of non-native species, e.g., Sonneratia apetala, used in afforestation programs. Future restoration approaches should adopt more eco-friendly strategies, like reversing (abandoned) aquaculture ponds to native mangrove forests. Knowledge obtained from the GBA in this study may be also instrumental to ecological restorations for mangrove forests in other urbanized estuaries.

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A Novel Instrument for Bed Dynamics Observation Supports Machine Learning Applications in Mangrove Biogeomorphic Processes

Cited by 19 publications

References 58 publications

Nature-Based Engineering: A Review on Reducing Coastal Flood Risk With Mangroves

Nature-Based Engineering: A Review on Reducing Coastal Flood Risk With Mangroves

A physics-informed statistical learning framework for forecasting local suspended sediment concentrations in marine environment

Mangrove Loss and Gain in a Densely Populated Urban Estuary: Lessons From the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

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