A novel immune-related genes signature after bariatric surgery is histologically associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Abstract

Increasing evidence shows that immune-related genes (IRGs) play an important role in bariatric surgery (BS). We identified differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) of adipose tissue after BS by analysing the two expression profiles of GEO (GSE59034 and GSE29409). Subsequently, enrichment analysis, GSEA and PPI networks were examined to identify the hub IRGs and related pathways. The performance of the signature was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). CIBERSORT algorithm was used to evaluate the relative abundance of infiltrated immune cells.42 DEIRGs were found between the GSE59034 and GSE29409 datasets. The AUC of the signature was 0.904 and 0.865 in the GSE58979 and GSE48452, respectively. Interestingly, the signature also showed good performance in diagnosing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (AUC was 0.834 and 0.800, respectively). The number of neutrophils, macrophages M2, macrophages M0 and dendritic cells activated decreased significantly. After BS, the infiltration of T cells regulatory, monocytes, mast cells resting and plasma cells in adipose tissue increased. The novel proposed IRGs signature reveals the underlying immune mechanism of BS and is a promising biomarker for distinguishing the severity of NAFLD. This will provide new insights into strategies for treating obesity and NAFLD.

Exploring the landscape, hot topics, and trends of bariatric metabolic surgery with machine learning and bibliometric analysis

“… 32 BMS can reduce the degree of inflammation of adipose tissue and improve the metabolic function of adipose cells, which may be one of the mechanisms for the treatment of obesity and its complications. 33 The regulatory role of gut microbiota in BMS has also been gradually popularized. Haange et al found that after RYGB, the gut microbiota of Actinobacteria, especially Proteobacteria (Pseudomonadota) and Bifidobacteriaceae, was relatively increased, while Firmicutes were decreased.…”

Integrative analyses of hub genes and their association with immune infiltration in adipose tissue, liver tissue and skeletal muscle of obese patients after bariatric surgery

“…Meanwhile, several changes have been reported to occur in adaptive immunity cells after bariatric surgery, including a reduction in T-cell counts and an increase in B regulatory cells [ 13 ]. The change in immune cell infiltration and differentially expressed immune-related genes in adipose tissue after BS have also been analysed by bioinformatics analysis [ 14 ], and the evidences showed that immune cells may play an important role in the beneficial effects of BS on the treatment of obesity and obesity-related comorbid conditions.…”

Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis Identifies Robust Biomarkers and Its Correlation With Immune Microenvironment in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

“…An increasing number of studies have indicated that NAFLD is linked to metabolic disorders ( Huang and Kong, 2021 ; Luukkonen et al, 2021 ; Osborne et al, 2021 ). Immunity is also involved in the development and progression of NAFLD ( Barrow et al, 2021 ; Huby and Gautier, 2021 ; Song et al, 2021 ). Nonetheless, there is still a lack of insensitive and targeted biomarkers that may be widely used in the clinical setting, which causes significant challenges for clinical diagnosis and treatment, especially for early diagnosis and follow-up strategy.…”