“…The bQIEAi was studied in Li et al (2004aLi et al ( , 2004cLi et al ( , 2005b, Li and Jiao (2005, 2007, 2008, You et al (2006aYou et al ( , 2006bYou et al ( , 2006cYou et al ( , 2007, Du et al (2007), , Jiao and Li (2005), Bi and Jin (2007) (Li et al 2004c). Based on prior knowledge about the problem, a vaccination is used to modify certain genes of some genotype individuals, and then the immune selection is implemented using the following two processes.…”