A novel <i>in situ</i> method to determine volume shrinkage of curing adhesives

Wirries, Jonas; Mayer, Bernd; Rütters, Martin

doi:10.1080/00218464.2021.2021078

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Volume shrinkage of all aforementioned adhesives was determined using the extended rotational rheometry described in 23 Contrary to the assumption based on the name, the shrinkage measurements are not taken when the plate is rotating, but at rest Volume was therefore determined by combining both, the share of gap tracking by the rheometer (cylindrical volume) and the share of the sample’s lateral profile detected by laser scanning, as depicted in Figure 2. The lateral share of the volume is detected by tracking the geometrical shape of the meniscus (meniscal volume).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 O'Brien et al 22 stated that the determination of viscoelastic properties during cure of epoxy resins requires sample geometries that can either deal with or compensate for cure shrinkage. Recently a extended rotational rheometry 23 has been introduced by the authors and enables measurement of true volume shrinkage using axial gap tracking in combination with a laser scanning sensor. Thus, approaches like the one introduced by Haider et al, 24 which only use axial gap change can be extended.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gap was trimmed at 520 mm prior to adjusting initial test gap of 500 mm. Subsequently, the sensor was moved around half the circumference of the sample to validate trimming and rotational symmetry, and place the 23 sensor onto a representative position. Two different test scenarios were considered.…”

Section: Extended Rotational Rheometry (Exrheo)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present manuscript aims to compliment the introduction of the shrinkage measurement method presented by the authors. 23 The method is validated by measuring volume shrinkage and for different structural adhesives and comparing one selected adhesive to results from mercury dilatometry. Based on kinetic modelling, the shrinkage is related to the conversion of the reaction and thus conclusions are drawn about the material behaviour in dependence of the polymerisation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure1. Principle of the extended rotational rheometry measuring the dimensional changes of curing adhesive within a parallel plate assembly 23. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methods for shrinkage measurement considering stress development of curing structural adhesives

Wirries

Ruetters

2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Joint strength and methods for their determination play a crucial role for component design within the development phase of adhesively bonded components. Shrinkage-induced stresses due to adhesive’s curing may reduce the maximum strength of the bonded components; conversely, ignoring their effects may overestimate the design value thereof. Accordingly, the accurate prediction of residual stresses is of high importance, and so is determination of relevant material parameters. Adhesive properties, such as Young’s modulus and shrinkage, change significantly throughout curing. These have to be determined according to various material models, which are tributary to the experimental determination of corresponding material parameters. In this paper, the effects of shrinkage and residual stresses on simple joint geometries are transiently determined using the extended rheometer (ExRheo). The ExRheo proved to be a reliable method to determine volume shrinkage through successful validation by mercury dilatometry. Furthermore, shrinkage of constrained specimens can be measured using ExRheo and showed to be lower compared to specimens that could shrink freely. Material-specific properties like onset of vitrification could also be detected with the presented method. Based upon these experimental results of thermo-analytical characterisation of structural adhesives during curing, data for finite element analysis (FEA) is gathered. Aforementioned results will lead to improvements of stress prediction for industrial applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extended Rotational Rheometry (Exrheo)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure1. Principle of the extended rotational rheometry measuring the dimensional changes of curing adhesive within a parallel plate assembly 23. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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