A novel hybrid polymer of PCL/fish gelatin nanofibrous scaffold improves proliferation and differentiation of Wharton's jelly‐derived mesenchymal cells into islet‐like cells

Abstract

Background Using a different source of stem cells to compensate for the lost beta cells is a promising way to cure diabetic patients. Besides, the best efficiency of insulin‐producing cells (IPCs) will appear when we culture them in an environment similar to inside the body. Hence, three‐dimensional (3D) culture ameliorates the differentiation of diverse kinds of stem cells into IPCs compared to those differentiated in two‐dimensional (2D) culture. In this study, we aim to create an ideal differentiation environment by using PCL/Fish gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds to differentiate Wharton's jelly‐derived mesenchymal cells (WJ‐MSCs) to IPCs and compare them with a 2D cultured group. Methods The evaluation of cellular, molecular, and functional properties of differentiated cells on the 3D and 2D cultures was investigated by several assays such as electron microscopy, quantitative PCR, immunochemistry, western blotting, and ELISA. Results The in vitro studies showed that WJ‐MSCs differentiated in the 3D culture have strong properties of IPCs such as islet‐like cells. The expression of pancreatic‐specific genes at both RNA and protein levels showed higher differentiation efficacy of 3D culture. Besides, the results of the ELISA tests demonstrate that in both groups the differentiated cells are functional and secreted C‐peptide and insulin in glucose stimulation, but the secretion of C‐peptide and insulin in the 3D culture group was higher than those cultured in 2D groups. Conclusion Our findings showed the use of PCL/Fish gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds with optimized differentiation protocols can promote the differentiation of IPCs from WJ‐MSCs compared to the 2D culture group.

Evaluation of the In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis of a Novel 3D-Printed Degradable Drug Delivery System Based on Polycaprolactone/Chitosan/Vancomycin—Preclinical Study

“…On the other hand, PCL lacks natural motifs that provide specific binding sites for cells that facilitate tissue integration [ 20 ]. Because of this, different strategies have been developed to overcome PCL native hydrophobicity, such as surface modification using NaOH treatment or its combination with other synthetic or naturally derived materials (hydrogels) to create hybrid scaffolds with enhanced properties [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Synthetic and naturally derived hydrogels have been widely used for different biomedical applications due to their ability to encapsulate cells, drugs, growth factors, or other bioactive molecules [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Degradation and Mechanical Behavior of Fish Gelatin/Polycaprolactone AC Electrospun Nanofibrous Meshes

“…A 14‐day in vitro analysis has shown good cellular viability and good stability of FGEL/PCL nanofibrous material. Although fish gelatin appears to become a viable alternative to mammalian gelatin in a blended gelatin/PCL nanofibrous system, [ 59 ] there is no data on such blended material degradation and mechanical properties in the physiological environment and their relevancy to the material's composition and structure.…”

Evaluation of the In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy Against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>epidermidis </em>of a Novel 3D-Printed Degradable Drug Delivery System Based on Polycaprolactone/ Chitosan/ Vancomycin. Preclinical Study

“…On the other hand, PCL lacks natural motifs that provide specific binding sites for cells that facilitate tissue integration [20]. Because of this, different strategies have been developed to overcome PCL native hydrophobicity, such as surface modification by NaOH treatment, or by its combination with other synthetic or naturally derived materials (hydrogels) to create hybrid scaffolds with enhanced properties [21][22][23][24]. Synthetic and naturally-derived hydrogels have been widely used for different biomedical applications due to their ability to encapsulate cells, drugs, growth factors, or other bioactive molecules [25,26].…”