A Novel Hybrid MPPT Technique to Maximize Power Harvesting from PV System under Partial and Complex Partial Shading

Abstract

Photovoltaic (PV) system has been extensively used over the last few years because it is a noise-free, clean, and environmentally friendly source of energy. Maximum Power Point (MPP) from the PV energy systems is a challenging task under modules mismatching and partial shading. Up till now, various MPP tracking algorithms have been used for solar PV energy systems. Classical algorithms are simple, fast, and useful in quick tracing the MPP, but restricted to uniform weather conditions. Moreover, these algorithms do not search the Global Maxima (GM) and get stuck on Local Maxima (LM). However, bio-inspired algorithms help find the GM but their main drawback is that they take more time to track the GM. This paper addresses the issue by using the combination of conventional Incremental Conductance (InC) with variable step size and bio-inspired Dragonfly Optimization (DFO) algorithms leading to a hybrid (InC-DFO) technique under multiple weather conditions, for instance, Uniform Irradiance (UI), Partial Shading (PS), and Complex Partial Shading (CPS). To check the robustness of the proposed algorithm, a comparative analysis is done with six already implemented techniques. The results indicate that the proposed technique is simple, efficient with a quicker power tracking capability. Furthermore, it reduces undesired oscillation around the MPP especially, under PS and CPS conditions. The proposed algorithm has the highest efficiencies of 99.93%, 99.88%, 99.92%, and 99.98% for UI, PS1, PS2, and CPS accordingly among all techniques. It has also reduced the settling time of 0.75 s even in the case of the CPS condition. The performance of the suggested method is also verified using real-time data from the Beijing database.

Modular Level Power Electronics (MLPE) Based Distributed PV System for Partial Shaded Conditions

“…PS, on the other hand, produces multiple peaks on the curve, putting the efficiency of these traditional algorithms at risk. For PV power systems, bio-inspired techniques can efficiently find GM [55][56][57]. Power losses are a big issue under varying irradiance circumstances, and they can be mitigated with MPPT approaches because PS affects the system process performance greatly.…”

A Comparative Study of Control Methods for X3D Quadrotor Feedback Trajectory Control

“…𝐵𝐵 𝜔𝜔 (10) All external forces are added together to provide the overall force operating on the X3D quadrotor. As seen in Equation (11). By multiplying a frame with a direction cosine matrix (DCM), a reference frame may be converted from earth to body and vice versa (DCM) [1] as in Equation ( 4).…”

“…For the quadrotor's flip operation, Byung-Yoon Lee compares the performance of three distinct types of attitude control systems [6]; PID, sliding mode and open-loop controllers are all used in his article to develop quadrotor attitude controllers. PID control is one of the most often used control strategies [1], [7] along with back-stepping [8,9], nonlinear H∞ control [10], Kalman filter [11], and so on. Other control methodologies, such as fuzzy control systems, are also investigated and applied to a quadrotor, as discussed in [12,13].…”

A Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm (HOA)-Based MPPT Technique under Partial and Complex Partial Shading Conditions

“…The MPPT performance in PV energy systems is compromised due to the various shading conditions of PV panels; these shading conditions can be classified into partial and complex partial shading. In the literature, various works are available that deal with optimization techniques to mitigate these shading conditions [3,4]. Therefore, advanced PV systems are proposed in the literature, and a block diagram of such a system is shown in Figure 1 that includes sensors for voltage and current measurement and a DC-DC Cuk converter, using the MPPT technique, which, in turn, controls the Cuk converter and drives the switch for the DC-DC converter [5].…”