A novel hybrid hexagonal photonic crystal fibre for optical fibre communication

Theoretical Analysis of Square Structured Photonic Crystal Fibre Using the Golden Ratio

“…On the other hand, the latter comprises a single background material, such as silicon dioxide, and hollow air holes surround the axes of the fibre. Index guiding PCF has numerous advantages and attractive properties over the conventional optical fibre such as endlessly single-mode range [4], large effective area [5], large negative dispersion [6,7], high nonlinear coefficient [8], high birefringence [9,10], low attenuation [11], near-zero and flattened dispersion [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and so on.…”

“…Different models of photonic crystal fibre have been proposed in the literature, with some models exhibiting flattened dispersion over the desired wavelength range [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], one of the essential properties for data communication medium. A three-core photonic quasi-crystal fibre with twelve-fold symmetry using a silica doped germanium material is proposed [12].…”

“…The golden ratio has been widely used to obtain a reliable and strong structure, through inspiration from nature. The same principle may be adopted for PCF designs demonstrated in these two pieces of literature [18,19]. In reference [18], a hexagonal lattice PCF is introduced by keeping the the proportion of the major and minor axis of the elliptical core holes equal to the golden ration; to exhibit steep chromatic dispersion at the 0.5 to 2.0 wavelengths.…”

“…The same principle may be adopted for PCF designs demonstrated in these two pieces of literature [18,19]. In reference [18], a hexagonal lattice PCF is introduced by keeping the the proportion of the major and minor axis of the elliptical core holes equal to the golden ration; to exhibit steep chromatic dispersion at the 0.5 to 2.0 wavelengths. Another design [19] uses a golden spiral structure with different spiral radius, giving zero chromatic dispersions at a different wavelength for different spiral radius [19].…”

“…Another design [19] uses a golden spiral structure with different spiral radius, giving zero chromatic dispersions at a different wavelength for different spiral radius [19]. However, both references [18,19] report slightly high confinement loss to fortify their claim of the applicability of their designs for usage in the telecommunication system. Furthermore, the fabrication of the design [19] is complex; due to its complicated spiral designs [19].…”