A novel HD‐ZIP IV/MIXTA complex promotes glandular trichome initiation and cuticle development in <i>Artemisia annua</i>

Yan, Tingxiang; Li, Ling; Xie, Lihui; Chen, Ming‐Hui; Shen, Qian; Pan, Qin; Fu, Xueqing; Pu, Shi; Tang, Yueli; Huang, Huayi; Huang, Yi‐Wen; Huang, Youran; Tang, Kexuan

doi:10.1111/nph.15005

Cited by 136 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These 2 possibilities are difficult to distinguish for multicellular trichomes because control of their development is only poorly understood. Their formation in diverse dicots is known to require an HD-Zip IV transcription factor, consistent with the homology of multicellular trichomes (Vernoud et al, 2009;Walford et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2016;Yan et al, 2017;Yang et al, 2011;Zhu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Loss of a glutaredoxin gene underlies parallel evolution of trichome pattern inAntirrhinum

Tan

Barnbrook

Wilson

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Most angiosperms produce trichomes--epidermal hairs that have protective or more specialised roles.In almost all species trichomes are multicellular and, in the majority, secretory. Despite the importance of multicellular trichomes for plant protection and as a source of high-value products, little is known about the mechanisms that control their development. Here we use natural variation between Antirrhinum (snapdragon) species to examine how trichome distribution is regulated and has evolved. We show that a single gene, Hairy (H), which is needed to repress trichome fate, underlies variation in trichome distribution patterns between all Antirrhinum species except one. H encodes an epidermis-specific glutaredoxin and trichome distribution within individual plants reflects the location of H expression. Gene phylogenies and functional tests suggest that H gained its trichome-repressing role late in eudicot evolution and that Antirrhinum species with widespread trichomes evolved multiple times from a largely bald ancestor though independent losses of H activity. We also find evidence for an evolutionary reversal involving a suppressor mutation, and for a pleiotropic effect of H that might constrain the evolution of trichome patterns.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Loss of a glutaredoxin gene underlies parallel evolution of trichome pattern inAntirrhinum

Tan

Barnbrook

Wilson

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…We expect to pay more attention to these genes in the future. It has been documented that the function of uncharacterized genes can be inferred from their tissue-specific co-expression with known functional genes [ 19 , 31 ]. For instance, while the gene involved in pteridophyte trichome development has not yet been reported, it is known that MIXTA determines the occurrence of trichomes in Antirrhinum majus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is limited research on D. fragrans and the deciphering of tissue-specific genes. Transcription factors are of particular interest among the diverse types of genetic regulatory proteins, because they represent relatively direct regulatory interactions between proteins and chromosomes, which may lead to direct alterations in transcriptional activity [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. To investigate the expression of transcription factor genes related to glandular trichome development in different tissues of D. fragrans , we collected three different tissue types of D. fragrans grown at 25 °C with a 16/8 h photoperiod over two years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Analysis and Specific Expression of Transcription Factor Genes in the Root and Sporophyll of Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott

Zhang

Song

Wang

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Background: Dryopteris fragrans, which is densely covered with glandular trichomes, is considered to be one of the ferns with the most medicinal potential. The transcriptomes from selected tissues of D. fragrans were collected and analyzed for functional and comparative genomic studies. The aim of this study was to determine the transcriptomic characteristics of wild D. fragrans sporangium in tissues from the SR (root), SL (sporophyll), and TRL (sporophyll with glandular trichomes removed). Results: Cluster analysis identified genes that were highly expressed in an organ-specific manner according to read mapping, feature counting, and normalization. The functional map identified gene clusters that can uniquely describe the function of each tissue. We identified a group of three tissue-specific transcription factors targeting the SL, SR, and TRL. In addition, highly expressed transcription factors (TFs) were found in each tissue-specific gene cluster, where ERF and bHLH transcription factors were the two types showing the most distinct expression patterns between the three different tissues. The specific expression of transcription factor genes varied between the different types of tissues. The numbers of transcription factors specifically expressed in the roots and sporophylls were 60 and 30, respectively, while only seven were found for the sporophylls with glandular trichomes removed. The expression of genes known to be associated with the development of glandular trichomes in flowering plants, including MIXTA, ATML1, and MYB106, were also validated and are discussed. In particular, a unigene encoding MIXTA was identified and exhibited the highest expression level in SL in D. fragrans. Conclusions: This study is the first report of global transcriptomic analysis in different tissues of D. fragrans, and the first to discuss these findings in the context of the development of homologous glandular trichomes. These results set the stage for further research on the development, stress resistance, and secondary metabolism of D. fragrans glandular trichomes.

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“…Further it was found that this MIXTA-type transcription factor makes a complex with HD-ZIP IV (a homeodomain leucine zipper IV) transcription factor and this HD-ZIP IV/MIXTA complex promotes initiation of glandular trichome formation. This complex is also known to regulate cuticle development in A. annua [51]. Additionally, initiation of trichome development was found to be regulated by AaMYB1 transcription factor [29].…”

Section: Molecular Regulation Of Glandular Trichome Development In Armentioning

confidence: 97%

Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites and Improved Size of Glandular Trichomes in Artemisia annua

Pandey

Tiwari

Kumar

et al. 2019

Reference Series in Phytochemistry

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Glandular trichomes are multicellular epidermal outgrowths that have characteristic globular head made up of secretory cells and store large quantities of specialized secondary metabolites. Artemisia annua is known for its medicinally important secondary metabolite "artemisinin" which is synthesized and stored in glandular trichomes. However, our understanding of morphological and transcriptional control related to glandular trichome development and accumulation of secondary metabolites in A. annua is available in scattered form. This chapter deals with the trichome biology including developmental and functional aspects along with their correlation with secondary metabolite accumulation in response to various biotic and abiotic signals of the environment using A. annua as model. This chapter also emphasizes the molecular mechanisms behind trichome development in A. annua and provides a glimpse of molecular players involved in this process. There are many environmental as well as intrinsic factors which directly or indirectly affect secondary metabolite synthesis and as a result determine the size of glandular trichomes. The compiled information available for A. annua trichome biology can further be utilized for exploring trichome engineering in many medicinal or aromatic plants which are less explored.

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A novel HD‐ZIP IV/MIXTA complex promotes glandular trichome initiation and cuticle development in Artemisia annua

Cited by 136 publications

References 41 publications

Loss of a glutaredoxin gene underlies parallel evolution of trichome pattern inAntirrhinum

Loss of a glutaredoxin gene underlies parallel evolution of trichome pattern inAntirrhinum

Transcriptomic Analysis and Specific Expression of Transcription Factor Genes in the Root and Sporophyll of Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott

Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites and Improved Size of Glandular Trichomes in Artemisia annua

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