A Novel Group of Miticides Containing the Cyclopropane Moiety12

Environmental degradation of the miticide cycloprate (hexadecyl cyclopropanecarboxylate). 1. Rat metabolism

“…A novel class of miticides containing the cyclopropane moiety has been shown to be selective for phytophagous mites (Staal et al, 1975; ; Henrick et al, 1976). A particularly active compound was hexadecyl cyclopropanecarboxylate (cycloprate, ZR-856, trademark Zardex) which was administered to rats in this study in order to assess its metabolic degradation.…”

Ovicidal activity and its relation to chemical structure for the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) in a new class of miticides containing the cyclopropyl group

“…Activity clearly depends upon the presence of the cyclopropane ring and the probable metabolism, in vivo, of the compounds to some toxic product or products. Activity is obtained against eggs in all stages of embryonic development following either direct application to the eggs or deposition of the eggs upon previously sprayed leaves (Staal et al, 1975). Several of these compounds exhibit ovicidal activities which match or surpass those of most currently available commercial mite ovi-larvicides.…”

“…b Henrick and Staal, 1975e. activity, compounds with unsaturation further down the chain (e.g., [42][43][44][45], generally, exhibit lower activity. Esters of various 3,7,ll-trimethyl-2-dodecenoic acids (e.g., 40; see also Staal et al, 1975) exhibit considerably lower activity than the simple unbranched acyclic esters. For monoesters of aromatic acids (Table II) no definite pattern of im- " Data refined by probit analysis.…”

“…Of the phytophagous mites, members of the Tetranychidae are among the most destructive to agricultural crops. In our work, which was directed toward the chemical control of agriculturally important mites, we used the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) and studied (Staal et al, 1975) a new class of cyclopropyl-containing miticides Staal, 1974,1975a-e; Nelson and Show, 1975; Hurkova and Matolin, 1975) whose action, unlike many present commercial miticides (cf. Billings, 1974;Kenaga and End, 1974), is predominantly ovicidal.…”

“…Certain members of this class of compounds appear promising for use as commercial miticides judging from the results of large scale field tests. Previously we have discussed the general biological properties of these compounds (Staal et al, 1975) and here we wish to describe some detailed relationships between structure and direct contact ovicidal activity selected from our extensive investigation of this class of compounds.…”