A novel graphene and conductive polymer modified pyrolytic graphite sensor for determination of propranolol in biological fluids

Gupta, Pankaj; Yadav, Saurabh; Agrawal, Bharati; Goyal, Rajendra N.

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2014.08.040

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In addition to these methods, other mechanisms and sensor structures, such as voltammetric, 63,64 impedimetric, 65 and diode-based sensors, 66 were reported. In addition to these methods, other mechanisms and sensor structures, such as voltammetric, 63,64 impedimetric, 65 and diode-based sensors, 66 were reported.…”

Section: Microfabricated Electrochemical Ph Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfabricated electrochemical pH and free chlorine sensors for water quality monitoring: recent advances and research challenges

et al. 2015

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Continuous, real-time monitoring of the level of pH and free chlorine in drinking water is of great importance to public health. However, it is challenging when conventional analytical instruments, such as bulky pH electrodes and expensive free chlorine meters, are used. These instruments have slow response, are difficult to use, prone to interference from operators, and require frequent maintenance. In contrast, microfabricated electrochemical sensors are cheaper, smaller in size, and highly sensitive.Therefore, these sensors are desirable for online monitoring of pH and free chlorine in water. In this review, we discuss different physical configurations of microfabricated sensors. These configurations include potentiometric electrodes, ion-sensitive field-effect transistors, and chemo-resistors/transistors for electrochemical pH sensing. Also, we identified that micro-amperometric sensors are the dominant ones used for free chlorine sensing. We summarized and compared the structure, operation/sensing mechanism, applicable materials, and performance parameters in terms of sensitivity, sensing range, response time and stability of each type of sensor. We observed that novel sensor structures fabricated by solution processing and operated by smart sensing methodologies may be used for developing pH and free chlorine sensors with high performance and low cost. Finally, we highlighted the importance of the concurrent design of materials, fabrication processes, and electronics for future sensors.

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Section: Microfabricated Electrochemical Ph Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfabricated electrochemical pH and free chlorine sensors for water quality monitoring: recent advances and research challenges

et al. 2015

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“…One of attractive applications was involved on electro-active polymer; it effectively provided many functionalities such as dielectric and piezoelectric [53,54]. Moreover, application of conductive polymer was enrolled on sensor and actuator, flexible electrode as well as smart textile [55][56][57]. However, up to the present time, the use of conductive polymer was limited due to high thermal transition temperature, moisture sensitivity, requirement of high voltage of activation and voltage breakdown shielding.…”

Section: Conductive Cellulose Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of feasibilities and challenge of conductive cellulose for rechargeable lithium based battery

Ummartyotin

Manuspiya

2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…The voltammetric methods are generally sensitive, rapid, inexpensive and can be efficiently used as analytical techniques 17–20, as alternative to traditional methods based on chromatographic procedures for the determination of these drugs. In this respect, several electrochemical sensitive methods, using traditional, or in particular, modified electrodes based on composite graphite nanotubes or boron‐doped diamond modified surfaces were successfully proposed for the direct determination of several β‐blockers in synthetic and biological matrices 21–28. Although gold electrode and/or modified electrodes based on the gold electrocatalyst are widely characterized and proposed as amperometric probes for the detection of several important classes of molecules, such as alcohols, carbohydrates, amines, DNA, antibiotics, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of some β‐Blockers by Electrochemical Detection on Polycrstalline Gold Electrode after Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

2015

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Dedicated to professor Pier Giorgio Zambonin on the occasion of his 80th birthday. 1Introductionb-blockers,a lso called b-adrenergic antagonists such as: propranolol( Pp), atenolol( At), nadolol (Nd), bisoprolol, etc. are of therapeutic interest in the treatment of various cardiovasculard isorders,a ngina pectoris,c ardiaca rrhythmia, hypertension and associated pathologies,e tc. [1][2][3]. Thep ropranolol, 1-(isopropylamino)-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-2-propanol, is consideredt he prototype drug of b-adrenergic blockers.I ts main medicalu se has changed, in the last years,f rom therapyo fc ardiovascular diseases to therapy of infantile haemangiomas in pediatric patients.I nf act, Pp orally administered, has ac onsistent and rapid therapeutic effect, leadingt oc onsiderable shortening of the naturalc ourse of infantile haemangiomas with good clinical tolerance.I na ddition, this therapeutic drugc ould also be usedi ns ome sports requiringi ntensec oncentration as ad oping agent [4].I nt his respect, the International Olympic Committee has classified the Pp as doping specie and has includedi nalist of forbidden substances.Although these b-blockers are widely used in many therapeutic contexts,h igh plasma concentration of the Pp,N d, At, etc. can cause severe respiratoryp roblems such as asthma, adult respiratory distress syndromea nd heart failure [5].I np articular,a tenolol can be associated with an increasedr isk of diabetesm ellitus and increased risk of stroke [6].T hus,t hese drugs require continuous monitoring in biological fluids and/or pharmaceutical formulations for adjusting the corresponding dose in order to preventh azardouse ffects on health.Substantial amounts of these pharmaceuticals and their metabolitesg et into the wastewater after excretion and finallyi ns urface water due to an incomplete eliminationi n wastewater treatments.I nt his respect, recent ecotoxicological studies show that several aquatic organisms are sensitive to the presence of some b-blockers and/ort heir derivatives [7].Inparticular, the contact of hospital pollutantsw ith aquatic ecosystems leads to as evere risk on biological balance of natural environments.O nt he basis of these considerations,s imple,s ensitive,a ccurate and inexpensivea nalytical methodologies for quantification of thesec ompounds in biological fluids,e nvironmentalc ontextsa nd pharmaceutical formulations is required.Numerous analytical methods proposed for the determination of the common b-blockers in variousc ontexts are mainly based on reverse-phase liquid chromatography generally coupled with spectrophotometric UV-Vis detection,f luorescence or mass spectrometryd evices used as on-line detectors [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Other analyticalm ethodologies basedo nc hemiluminescence measurements [14],d iffuse Abstract:T he electroanalyticalc haracterizationa nd determinationo ft hree selected b-blocker agents,n amely propranolol, atenolol and nadolol usingc yclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in phosphate buffer solution (pH 2.5) plus 22 %a cet...

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A novel graphene and conductive polymer modified pyrolytic graphite sensor for determination of propranolol in biological fluids

Cited by 41 publications

References 37 publications

Microfabricated electrochemical pH and free chlorine sensors for water quality monitoring: recent advances and research challenges

Microfabricated electrochemical pH and free chlorine sensors for water quality monitoring: recent advances and research challenges

An overview of feasibilities and challenge of conductive cellulose for rechargeable lithium based battery

Determination of some β‐Blockers by Electrochemical Detection on Polycrstalline Gold Electrode after Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

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