A Novel GA Based OCR Enhancement and Segmentation Methodology for Marathi Language in Bimodal Framework

Abstract

Abstract. Automated learning systems used to extract information from images play a major role in document analysis. Optical character recognition or OCR has been widely used to automatically segment and index the documents from a wide space. Most of the methods used for OCR recognition and extraction like HMM's, Neural etc, mentioned in literature have errors which require human operators to be rectified and fail to extract images with blur as well as illumination variance. This paper explains proposes an enhancement supported threshold based pre-processing methodology for word spotting in Marathi printed bimodal images using image segmentation. The methodology makes use of an enhanced image obtained by histogram equalization followed by followed by age segmentation using a specific threshold. The threshold can be obtained using genetic algorithms. GA based segmentation technique is codified as an optimization problem used efficiently to search maxima and minima from the histogram of the image to obtain the threshold for segmentation. The system described is capable of extracting normal as well as blurred images and images for different lighting conditions. The same inputs are tested for a standard GA based methodology and the results are compared with the proposed method. The paper further elaborates the limitations of the method.

A Survey of OCR Applications

“…The equalization makes the image much brighter as compared to the original image hence the pixels which are suppose to be in the upper band or segmented move to a higher intensity. This method can also be effectively used to deal with illumination changes and motion blur [18]. Image segmentation is further carried out on the enhanced images using the GA based approach as described in the algorithm.…”

“…Proposed method is divided in two steps [18]. Firstly, the image histogram is equalized which results into the redistribution of the intensities as shown in the Fig.…”

“…This paper makes use of an OCR system which makes use of histogram equalization to extract images. The histogram used by the mentioned algorithm is bimodal in nature hence it can be divided into two classes [18]. Genetic algorithm is further used to select the threshold from the histogram for A Survey of OCR Applications Amarjot Singh, Ketan Bacchuwar, and Akshay Bhasin…”

Advanced Mobile Surveillance System for Multiple People Tracking

“…Intelligent image p rocessing systems are becoming increasingly important and have been applied in various fields like bio mechanics [1], [2], education [3], [4], [5], [6], medical [7], [8], [9], photography [10], b io metrics [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17] mot ion tracking [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], defense [25], surveillance [26], character recognition [27], [28], [29], bioinformat ics [30], [31], etc. The development of intelligent systems based on mobile sensors has been aroused by the increasing need for automated surveillance of indoor environ ments such as airports [32], warehouses [33], production plants [34] etc.…”