A Novel Fast CU Encoding Scheme Based on Spatiotemporal Encoding Parameters for HEVC Inter Coding

Ahn, Sangsoo; Lee, Bumshik; Kim, Munchurl

doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2014.2360031

Cited by 131 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The CU and PU partition scheme in the HEVC coding standard is determined in the sense of the minimum Rate-Distortion (RD) costs [29]. RD cost for each CU size is defined as follows:…”

Section: Footprint Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposing Video Compression History by Detecting Transcoded HEVC Videos from AVC Coding

Bian

et al. 2019

Symmetry

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The analysis of video compression history is one of the important issues in video forensics. It can assist forensics analysts in many ways, e.g., to determine whether a video is original or potentially tampered with, or to evaluate the real quality of a re-encoded video, etc. In the existing literature, however, there are very few works targeting videos in HEVC format (the most recent standard), especially for the issue of the detection of transcoded videos. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on the statistics of Prediction Units (PUs) to detect transcoded HEVC videos from AVC format. According to the analysis of the footprints of HEVC videos, the frequencies of PUs (whether in symmetric patterns or not) are distinguishable between original HEVC videos and transcoded ones. The reason is that previous AVC encoding disturbs the PU partition scheme of HEVC. Based on this observation, a 5D and a 25D feature set are extracted from I frames and P frames, respectively, and are combined to form the proposed 30D feature set, which is finally fed to an SVM classifier. To validate the proposed method, extensive experiments are conducted on a dataset consisting of CIF (352 × 288) and HD 720p videos with a diversity of bitrates and different encoding parameters. Experimental results show that the proposed method is very effective at detecting transcoded HEVC videos and outperforms the most recent work.

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“…The CU and PU partition scheme in the HEVC coding standard is determined in the sense of the minimum Rate-Distortion (RD) costs [29]. RD cost for each CU size is defined as follows:…”

Section: Footprint Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposing Video Compression History by Detecting Transcoded HEVC Videos from AVC Coding

Bian

et al. 2019

Symmetry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In general, in the case of HEVC, these techniques rely, for example, on fast algorithms to select close-to-optimal coding block partitions in a rate-distortion sense, without having to perform exhaustive searches. These include techniques such as fast CU splitting decisions based on on-the-fly statistics and available intermediate encoding parameters for both Intra [17] and Inter coding [18] or fast CU splitting using decision trees obtained through data mining techniques [19]. Similarly, fast decisions for selecting prediction modes [20] or fast algorithms to perform motion estimation [21] [22] were also proposed, all with the purpose of reducing encoding execution time by tackling different aspects of the overall encoding process.…”

Section: B Encoding Time Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Constrained Video Delivery Using Adaptive Coding Parameters

Dias

Huang

Blasi

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol.

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In some applications, video content needs to be encoded and uploaded to a remote destination within a pre-defined amount of time. In order to guarantee that the overall processing time does not exceed certain time constraints, a system that performs joint encoding and uploading time control is needed. Such a system requires the flexibility to control both the time spent in the encoding process and the bit-rate. This is because the latter significantly influences the transmission time, especially for transmissions under low bandwidth constraints. This paper proposes a novel approach to address this challenge by adapting the Quantisation Parameters (QP) of a video encoder in order to meet overall processing time requirements, including both encoding and uploading time. The proposed QP adaptation approach relies on mechanisms to accurately predict the encoding time and bit-rate during the encoding process for the incoming group of pictures. This in turn allows adequate QP selections that result in accurately meeting the overall time constraints. A comprehensive experimental evaluation shows that the proposed QP adaptation approach can accurately meet the overall time constraints by efficiently adapting the encoding process to different target times and bandwidth conditions. Ebroul Izquierdo (M'95-SM'03) received the Dipl. Math. and the Dr. Rer. Nat. degrees He has authored more than 450 technical papers, including chapters in books, and holds several patents in multimedia signal processing.

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“…The optical flow calculation within the encoding loop, that is used to extract motion, can be both time consuming and resource intensive [21].…”

Section: B Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content-Adaptive Feature-Based CU Size Prediction for Fast Low-Delay Video Encoding in HEVC

Mallikarachchi

Talagala

Arachchi

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol.

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Abstract-Determining the best partitioning structure of a Coding Tree Unit (CTU) is one of the most time consuming operations in HEVC encoding. Specifically, it is the evaluation of the quadtree hierarchy using the Rate-Distortion (RD) optimization that has the most significant impact on the encoding time, especially in the cases of High Definition (HD) and Ultra High Definition (UHD) videos. In order to expedite the encoding for low delay applications, this paper proposes a Coding Unit (CU) size selection and encoding algorithm for inter-prediction in the HEVC. To this end, it describes (i) two CU classification models based on Inter N×N mode motion features and RD cost thresholds to predict the CU split decision, (ii) an online training scheme for dynamic content adaptation, (iii) a motion vector reuse mechanism to expedite the motion estimation process, and finally introduces (iv) a computational complexity to coding efficiency trade-off process to enable flexible control of the algorithm. The experimental results reveal that the proposed algorithm achieves a consistent average encoding time performance ranging from 55% -58% and 57% -61% with average Bjøntegaard Delta Bit Rate (BDBR) increases of 1.93% -2.26% and 2.14% -2.33% compared to the HEVC 16.0 reference software for the low delay P and low delay B configurations, respectively, across a wide range of content types and bit rates.

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A Novel Fast CU Encoding Scheme Based on Spatiotemporal Encoding Parameters for HEVC Inter Coding

Cited by 131 publications

References 15 publications

Exposing Video Compression History by Detecting Transcoded HEVC Videos from AVC Coding

Exposing Video Compression History by Detecting Transcoded HEVC Videos from AVC Coding

Time-Constrained Video Delivery Using Adaptive Coding Parameters

Content-Adaptive Feature-Based CU Size Prediction for Fast Low-Delay Video Encoding in HEVC

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