A novel factor<i>OPT2</i>mediates exposure of phospholipids during cellular adaptation to altered lipid asymmetry

Yamauchi, Saori; Obara, Keisuke; Uchibori, Kenya; Kamimura, Akiko; Azumi, Kaoru; Kihara, Akio

doi:10.1242/jcs.153890

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This altered lipid asymmetry by ER stress must be sensed and be compensated for as maintenance of lipid asymmetry is essential for cell viability [39]. Various genes are induced by the activation of the Rim101 pathway, probably in cooperation with other signaling pathways [4,6,7,19]. Both Rsb1 and Opt2 are induced by the Rim101 pathway and are involved directly or indirectly in flop/transport of sphingoid long-chain bases and phospholipids, respectively [18,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results suggest that the Rim101 pathway is at least partially involved in the adaptation to ER stress. Rsb1 and Opt2 are induced by the Rim101 pathway and mediate, directly or indirectly, the flop/transport of sphingoid long-chain bases and phospholipids, respectively [17,19,20]. However, neither the deletion of the RBS1 nor OPT2 genes in WT or ∆tether cells elevated the tunicamycin sensitivity of the resultant mutants (Fig.…”

Section: The Rim101 Pathway Confers Resistance To Er Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously reported that, in addition to external alkalization, alterations in lipid asymmetry activate the Rim101 pathway and induce the expression of the putative lipid floppases/transporters RSB1 and OPT2 [17][18][19][20]; hence, this process may be important for the recovery of functional 5 asymmetry. Although the exact molecular mechanism for how the distinct environmental changes, such as altered lipid asymmetry or external alkalization, activate a common Rim101 pathway remains unclear, it is possible that both changes are recognized by the same signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Rim101 pathway contributes to ER stress adaptation through sensing the state of plasma membrane

Obara

Kihara

2016

Biochemical Journal

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Abbreviation list: DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport; PM, plasma membrane; PtdSer, phosphatidylserine; Rim21C, C-terminal cytosolic region of Rim21; WT, wild-type 2 Summary statementThe sensor protein for plasma membrane lipid asymmetry, Rim21, detects ER stress by sensing alterations in the state of the plasma membrane, and triggers an adaptation response via the Rim101 pathway. 3 AbstractYeast cells sense alterations in the plasma membrane (PM) lipid asymmetry and external alkalization by the sensor protein Rim21, which functions in the Rim101 pathway. Rim101 signaling is initiated at the PM by the recruitment of the Rim101 signaling complex. The PM physically associates with the cortical endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to form ER-PM contact sites, where several signaling events, lipid exchange, and ion transport take place. In the present study, we investigated the spatial relationship between ER-PM contact sites and the sites of Rim101 signaling. Rim101 signaling mostly proceeds outside

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Rim101 Pathway Confers Resistance To Er Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Rim101 pathway contributes to ER stress adaptation through sensing the state of plasma membrane

Obara

Kihara

2016

Biochemical Journal

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“…However, how this single sensor can sense both altered lipid asymmetry and external alkalization remains an enigma. Upon activation of the Rim101 pathway, expression of Rsb1 and Opt2, which are involved in the flop/transport of sphingoid long chain bases and phospholipids, respectively, is induced (18,(21)(22)(23).…”

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confidence: 99%

The C-terminal Cytosolic Region of Rim21 Senses Alterations in Plasma Membrane Lipid Composition

Nishino¹,

Obara²,

Kihara

2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Yeast responds to alterations in plasma membrane lipid asymmetry and external alkalization via the sensor protein Rim21 in the Rim101 pathway. However, the sensing mechanism used by Rim21 remains unclear. Here, we found that the C-terminal cytosolic domain of Rim21 (Rim21C) fused with GFP was associated with the plasma membrane under normal conditions but dissociated upon alterations in lipid asymmetry or external alkalization. This indicates that Rim21C contains a sensor motif. Rim21C contains multiple clusters of charged residues. Among them, three consecutive Glu residues (EEE motif) were essential for Rim21 function and dissociation of Rim21C from the plasma membrane in response to changes in lipid asymmetry. In contrast, positively charged residues adjacent to the EEE motif were required for Rim21C to associate with the membrane. We therefore propose an "antenna hypothesis," in which Rim21C moves to or from the plasma membrane and functions as the sensing mechanism of Rim21.

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“…cerevisiae . Sc Opt2 is necessary for the glutathione redox homeostasis and plays an important role in the adaptation to altered lipid asymmetry in the plasma membrane in this yeast (Elbaz-Alon et al 2014;Yamauchi et al 2015) . Its function in Y. lipolytica was not characterized so far.…”

Section: Analysis Of Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of threeYarrowia lipolyticastrains in respect to different cultivation temperatures and metabolite secretion

Hackenschmidt

Bracharz

Daniel

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Despite the increasing relevance, ranging from academic research to industrial applications, only a limited number of nonconventional, oleaginous Yarrowia lipolytica strains are characterized in detail.Therefore, we analyzed three strains in regard to their metabolic and physiological properties and in respect to important characteristics of a production strains. A flow cytometry method was set up to evaluate their fitness in a rapid manner. By investigating different cultivation conditions and media compositions, similarities and differences between the distinct strain backgrounds could be derived.Especially sugar alcohol production, as well as a agglomeration of cells were found to be connected with growth at high temperatures. In addition, sugar alcohol production was independent of high substrate concentrations under these conditions. To investigate particular traits, including growth characteristics and metabolite concentrations, genomic analysis were performed. We found sequence variations for one third of the annotated proteins but no obvious link to all phenotypic features.

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A novel factorOPT2mediates exposure of phospholipids during cellular adaptation to altered lipid asymmetry

Cited by 12 publications

References 52 publications

The Rim101 pathway contributes to ER stress adaptation through sensing the state of plasma membrane

The Rim101 pathway contributes to ER stress adaptation through sensing the state of plasma membrane

The C-terminal Cytosolic Region of Rim21 Senses Alterations in Plasma Membrane Lipid Composition

Characterization of threeYarrowia lipolyticastrains in respect to different cultivation temperatures and metabolite secretion

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