A Novel Fabrication of Dose-Dependent Injectable Curcumin Biocomposite Hydrogel System Anesthetic Delivery Method for Care and Management of Musculoskeletal Pain

Maier

2021

IJMS

Lesion or disease of the somatosensory system leads to the development of neuropathic pain. Peripheral neuropathic pain encompasses damage or injury of the peripheral nervous system. On the other hand, 10–15% of individuals suffer from acute postoperative pain followed by persistent pain after undergoing surgeries. Antidepressants, anticonvulsants, baclofen, and clonidine are used to treat peripheral neuropathy, whereas opioids are used to treat postoperative pain. The negative effects associated with these drugs emphasize the search for alternative therapeutics with better efficacy and fewer side effects. Curcumin, a polyphenol isolated from the roots of Curcuma longa, possesses antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, the low bioavailability and fast metabolism of curcumin have led to the advent of various curcumin formulations. The present review provides a comprehensive analysis on the effects of curcumin and its formulations in preclinical and clinical studies of neuropathic and postoperative pain. Based on the positive outcomes from both preclinical and clinical studies, curcumin holds the promise of mitigating or preventing neuropathic and postoperative pain conditions. However, more clinical studies with improved curcumin formulations are required to involve its use as adjuvant to neuropathic and postoperative drugs.

Section: Curcumin Formulations and Neuropathic Pain—preclinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Curcumin and Its Different Formulations in Preclinical and Clinical Studies of Peripheral Neuropathic and Postoperative Pain: A Comprehensive Review

Maier

2021

IJMS

“…The burst or persistent release of the BPV medication produced from the disintegration of the CS-GP/PC polymeric hydrogel may have induced the tissue reactions prompted by the controlled release compositions (Jiang et al., 2020 ). The majority of the inflammatory cells and infection were seen in the soft tissue surrounding the residues, with very little inflammation in the muscle.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of nanocapsules blended polymeric hydrogel loaded with bupivacaine drug delivery system for local anesthetics and pain management

Deng

Zhuang

et al. 2022

Drug Delivery

Local anesthetics are used clinically for the control of postoperative pain management. This study aimed to develop chitosan (CS) with genipin (GP) hydrogels as the hydrophilic lipid shell loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PC) nanocapsules as the hydrophobic polymeric core composites (CS-GP/PC) to deliver bupivacaine (BPV) for the prolongation of anesthesia and pain relief. The swelling ratio, in vitro degradation, and rheological properties enhancement of CS-GP/PC polymeric hydrogel. The incorporation of PC nanocapsules into CS-GP hydrogels was confirmed by SEM, FTIR, and XRD analysis. Scanning electron microscopy results demonstrated that the CS-GP hydrogels and CS-GP/PC polymeric hydrogels have a porous structure, the pore dimensions being non-uniform with diameters between 25 and 300 μm. The in vitro drug release profile of CS-GP/PC polymeric hydrogel has been achieved 99.2 ± 1.12% of BPV drug release in 36 h. Cellular viability was evaluated using the CCK-8 test on 3T3 fibroblast cells revealed that the obtained CS-GP/PC polymeric hydrogel with BPV exhibited no obvious cytotoxicity. The CS-GP/PC polymeric hydrogel loaded with BPV showed significant improvement in pain response compared to the control group animals for at least 7 days. When compared with BPV solution, CS-GP hydrogel and CS-GP/PC polymeric hydrogel improved the skin permeation of BPV 3-fold and 5-fold in 24 h, respectively. In vitro and in vivo results pointed out PC nanocapsules loaded CS-GP hydrogel can act as effective drug carriers, thus prolonging and enhancing the anesthetic effect of BPV. Histopathological results demonstrated the excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility of the BPV-loaded CS-GP/PC polymeric hydrogel system on 7, 14, and 21 days without neurotoxicity. HIGHLIGHTS Preparation and characterization of CS-GP/PC polymeric hydrogel system. BPV-loaded CS-GP/PC exhibited prolonged in vitro release in PBS solution. Cytotoxicity of BPV-loaded CS-GP/PC polymeric hydrogel against fibroblast (3T3) cells. Development of CS-GP/PC a promising skin drug-delivery system for local anesthetic BPV.

“…This prototype demonstrated potent wound healing capabilities under cyclic deformation, creating potential applications for use for injuries in mechanically active areas. A lipid nanoparticle-based hydrogel loaded with curcumin is reported by Jiang et al to reduce the chronic musculoskeletal pain via a local delivery method [ 28 ]. The targeted delivery to the MSKS demonstrates the innovation of methods of drug delivery specific to MSKS tissue.…”

Section: Smart Strategy For Targeting and Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Strategies to Overcome Drug Delivery Challenges in the Musculoskeletal System

Vorrius

Qiao

et al. 2023

Pharmaceuticals

The musculoskeletal system (MSKS) is composed of specialized connective tissues including bone, muscle, cartilage, tendon, ligament, and their subtypes. The primary function of the MSKS is to provide protection, structure, mobility, and mechanical properties to the body. In the process of fulfilling these functions, the MSKS is subject to wear and tear during aging and after injury and requires subsequent repair. MSKS diseases are a growing burden due to the increasing population age. The World Health Organization estimates that 1.71 billon people suffer from MSKS diseases worldwide. MSKS diseases usually involve various dysfunctions in bones, muscles, and joints, which often result in pain, disability, and a decrease in quality of life. The most common MSKS diseases are osteoporosis (loss of bone), osteoarthritis (loss of cartilage), and sarcopenia (loss of skeletal muscle). Because of the disease burden and the need for treatment, regenerative drug therapies for MSKS disorders are increasingly in demand. However, the difficulty of effective drug delivery in the MSKS has become a bottleneck for developing MSKS therapeutics. The abundance of extracellular matrix and its small pore size in the MSKS present a formidable barrier to drug delivery. Differences of vascularity among various MSKS tissues pose complications for drug delivery. Novel strategies are necessary to achieve successful drug delivery in different tissues composing the MSKS. Those considerations include the route of administration, mechanics of surrounding fluids, and biomolecular interactions, such as the size and charge of the particles and targeting motifs. This review focuses on recent advances in challenges to deliver drugs to each tissue of the MSKS, current strategies of drug delivery, and future ideas of how to overcome drug delivery challenges in the MSKS.