A Novel Energy Management Strategy Design Methodology of a PHEV Based on Data-Driven Approach and Online Signal Analysis

Abstract

This paper introduces an energy management strategy design method for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle based on the data-driven approach and online signal analysis. It includes two parts, mode division strategy design, and power distribution strategy design. Using the random forest in data mining technology to analyze optimization results of dynamic programming can quickly extract key information and establish optimal and understandable mode division strategy with high precision and stability directly. Besides, integrating the classic "Engine optimal operating curve control" strategy with wavelet transform and Markov prediction, which not only enhances the adaptability of the strategy to different driving conditions but also improves the fuel economy by reducing the impact of transient power on the engine operation. At the same time, to improve the prediction accuracy of the algorithm without increasing the computational complexity, this paper adds a prediction result correction function to the first-order Markov prediction model to reduce the impact of slow update of the probability matrix on prediction accuracy. The simulation results show the average prediction error of the improved Markov prediction model is reduced by 5.3% and the new energy management strategy designed reduces fuel consumption by 8.28% at the cost of a small increase in electricity consumption.INDEX TERMS Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, dynamic programming, random forest, Markov chain, wavelet transform.

Frequency splitting approach using wavelet for energy management strategies in fuel cell ultra-capacitor hybrid system

“…Nowadays time-frequency representations becomes necessary approach in condition monitoring and signal processing to afford both time and frequency information of the analysis signals, most related approach is wavelet transform as powerful approach for extracting features from the transient signal. STFT introduced by Denis Gabor in 1946 and as usually sine and cosine functions are used as base signals for the analysis, their time-span from −∞ to +∞ making them undesirable for transient analysis and also with a fixed window size, in opposite wavelet transform uses a large library of wavelet functions characterized mainly by limited time span and various wave shapes that are appropriate for transient analysis and moreover with a variable size window length allows to give finest time and frequency resolution compared to STFT [28][29][30][31]. Consequently, the wavelets transform count as powerful approach in signal processing, in our work we use discrete wavelet transform for frequency decompositions of original signal into two signals one is called signal Approximation with low frequencies and second is called signal detail with high frequencies, the next paragraph reveals theoretical detail about discrete wavelet transform DWT.…”

“…. 𝐾 where 𝐾 is the length of the filter vector [28][29][30]. Three steps are necessary in our wavelet decomposition for reach to efficient management strategy:…”

“…This concept allowing exploring the signal and its characteristics at different scales which seems to be suited for power split in hybrid energy sources. Wavelet-based EMS becomes very successfully technique for this domain [28][29][30], gratefulness to S. Mallat [31] who developed the concept of multi-resolution representation and capacity in analysis and acquisition of rapid and transient frequency during the drive cycle, without slop limitation and response delay.…”

Construction of Data Mining Analysis Model in English Teaching Based on Apriori Association Rule Algorithm

“…In the peer evaluation link of question 4, more than half of the students like this link. Students have slowly begun to adapt to the idea that teachers are no longer the only composition evaluators, and students can also help each other evaluate compositions [26].…”

A Robust Design Method for Optimal Engine Operating Zone Design of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Bus

“…Zhang et al proposed an engine operating zone design method based on a designed optimal operating curve, where the fuel economy can be greatly improved. Moreover, the problem of starting and stopping the engine frequently can be reduced [20]. Guo et al and Shabbir et al proposed a method to locate the engine points in the high-efficiency zone, by which the fuel economy and the driving performance can be greatly improved [21], [22].…”