A novel energy level detector for molecular semiconductors

Abstract

The multifunction of molecule-based device is always achieved by improving the charge transport characteristics. These characteristics depend strongly on the energy levels of molecular semiconductors which fundamentally determine the working...

Energy level measurement for organic semiconductors

“…59 More than this, the UPS spectrum consists in series of features that can be applied to extract other information, such as the higher occupied molecular orbits. 60 However, there are some disadvantages present in this technique, and they can be listed as follows. Firstly, the photo-electron emission event will lead to an electronic relaxation effect, which is accompanied by significant geometric relaxation.…”