A novel embolic stroke model resembling lacunar infarction following proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion in beagle dogs

Liu, Sheng; Hu, Weixing; Zu, Qing‐Quan; Lu, Shanshan; Xu, Xiao‐Quan; Sun, Lirong; Zhou, Wei-Zhong; Shi, Haibin

doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.06.009

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The methods of anesthesia, monitoring and maintaining the canine physiologic parameters within normal ranges were optimized as described in our previous study. 10 Right common femoral artery and left femoral vein accesses were obtained by using 5-French sheaths (Terumo Medical Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Clots were prepared as described previously.…”

Section: Endovascular Canine Mcaomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clots were prepared as described previously. 10 Notably, the thread-like clots were cut into about 1.4 and 1.7 mm in diameter and 5 mm in length, and then were placed in a sterilized Petri dish containing normal saline. The animal was initially administered a bolus of 2500 U of heparin 18 and left femoral vein access was maintained with a saline drip (2 ml/min).…”

Section: Endovascular Canine Mcaomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 In addition, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides an accurate way to follow the progression of stroke models in serial images. [10][11][12][13] However, strokes in humans and canine models are highly heterogeneous both clinically and radiographically. 10,13 In human strokes, one vessel blockade often results in large or consecutive ischemia lesions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12][13] However, strokes in humans and canine models are highly heterogeneous both clinically and radiographically. 10,13 In human strokes, one vessel blockade often results in large or consecutive ischemia lesions. However, segmental occlusion of one single vessel (eg, middle cerebral artery (MCA)) in dogs often cannot produce significant defects 10,14,15 because of compensation due to their leptomeningeal collateral circulation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,13 In human strokes, one vessel blockade often results in large or consecutive ischemia lesions. However, segmental occlusion of one single vessel (eg, middle cerebral artery (MCA)) in dogs often cannot produce significant defects 10,14,15 because of compensation due to their leptomeningeal collateral circulation. Abundant collateral blood flow could develop from the distal area to the occluded locus before an irreversible ischemic lesion could happen, 2,10,[16][17][18] which results in a major mismatch between the size of infarct area and the territory of the vessel occlusion.…”

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confidence: 99%

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An endovascular canine stroke model: middle cerebral artery occlusion with autologous clots followed by ipsilateral internal carotid artery blockade

Liu

et al. 2013

Laboratory Investigation

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Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and the main reason for long-term disability. An appropriate animal model of stroke is urgently required for understanding the exact pathophysiological mechanism of stroke and testing any new therapeutic regimen. Our work aimed to establish a canine stroke model occluding the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and blocking the ipsilateral internal carotid artery (ICA), and to assess the infarct lesions by magnetic resonance imaging. The stroke model was generated by injecting two autologous clots into each MCA, followed by 2-h ipsilateral ICA blockade (ilICAB) using a catheter in 15 healthy adult beagles. Outcome measurements included 24-h and 7-day postocclusion T2-weighted imaging (T2WI)-based infarct volume calculation. In addition, pial collateral score, canine neurobehavioral score and histopathologic results were documented. Out of 15 dogs, 12 with successful MCA occlusion (MCAO) and ilICAB survived 7 days without complications or casualties and MCA were reperfused at 7 days after occlusion. High signal intensity in the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex on T2WI was initially observed in each dog at 6 h after the procedure. The mean percentage hemispherical infarct volume corrected for edema in all dogs on T2WI at 24 h after occlusion was 12.99 ± 1.57%, and the degree of variability was 12.08%. The infarct volumes at 24 h after occlusion correlated with pial collateral scores and canine neurobehavioral scores well. This canine stroke model with combined MCAO and ilICAB reported here were proven to be highly feasible and reproducible.

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Section: Endovascular Canine Mcaomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Endovascular Canine Mcaomentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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An endovascular canine stroke model: middle cerebral artery occlusion with autologous clots followed by ipsilateral internal carotid artery blockade

Liu

et al. 2013

Laboratory Investigation

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Animal models of stroke

Zhang

2021

Anim Models and Exp Med

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Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and in China. In China, stroke was the leading cause of death and DALYs in 2017. 1 Age-standardized DALYs per 100 000 population decreased by 33.1% for stroke. Of all strokes, up to 80% to 85% are ischemic, 2 which can be subdivided based on the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification. 3 Large vessel atherosclerosis of cervical or proximal intracranial vessels comprises a major cause of acute stroke, ranging from 30% to 43%, while 20%-31% is caused by cardioembolism. Approximately 10%-23% of all strokes are lacunar in type, which are mainly caused by diabetes and hypertension. Some additional unusual causes, such as vasculopathy or extracranial artery dissection, account for 2%-11%. 4,5 Approximately 5%-21% of strokes are hemorrhagic, and their common causes are hypertension and vascular malformations. 6 Strokes are heterogeneous diseases, and in vivo models are essential tools to mimic these processes for investigating pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches. Each model has its unique strengths and weaknesses (Tables 1 and 2). Only when we realize their importance can we choose the best one for an investigation, with "best" referring to that which most closely approximates a certain aspect of the multiple facets of strokes.

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Focal Ischemic White Matter Injury in Experimental Models

Fern

2013

White Matter Injury in Stroke and CNS Disease

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The pathophysiology of central white matter is a timely subject for review. Early white matter changes are now recognized in neurological disorders ranging from Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and vascular dementia (Burke in press ; Lundblad in press ; Strozyk in press ; Jokinen in press ; Back in press ) to disorders such as diabetic cognitive dysfunction (McCrimmon in press ), mitochondrial syndromes (Wong in press ), lysosomal disorders (Renaud in press ), and psychiatric illness (Walterfang in press ). A plot of the use of the term "white matter" in the titles of research papers reveals an exponential growth since 2005, in large part due to this burst in interest in white matter as an early and possibly causal locus in disorders that until recently were thought to be exclusively gray matter in origin.Despite this recent interest in novel forms of white matter pathology, the bulk of our knowledge about the mechanisms underlying white matter injury comes from models that address established white matter disorders. Pathology of white matter is rarely global, exceptions being that seen in human prion disorders (Lee in press ; Gelpi in press ) and the lesions produced by some forms of traumatic brain injury and toxins (Al-Hasani in press ). More localized white matter injuries are common in multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and cortical stroke. The purest form of ischemic lesion of white matter is more focal still: lacuna infarct. This is a form of small vessel disease involving focal injury generally localized to deep white matter structures which arise from failure of long penetrating arteries. These lesions are common, representing ~20 % of all cases of stroke (Fisher 1968 ;Norrving 2008 ;Sacco et al. 2006 ; Del Bene in press ; Arboix and Marti-Vilalta 2009 ). They range in size up to 15 mm and in ~30 % of cases result in severe disability (Del Bene in press ), although the majority of cases have a favorable short-term prognosis often with partial recovery coupled to a elevated mid-long-term risk of recurrence (Norrving 2008 ;Arboix and Marti-Vilalta 2009 ). The clinical features are typically a focal loss

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A novel embolic stroke model resembling lacunar infarction following proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion in beagle dogs

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

An endovascular canine stroke model: middle cerebral artery occlusion with autologous clots followed by ipsilateral internal carotid artery blockade

An endovascular canine stroke model: middle cerebral artery occlusion with autologous clots followed by ipsilateral internal carotid artery blockade

Animal models of stroke

Focal Ischemic White Matter Injury in Experimental Models

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