A novel efficient wet process for preparing cross-linked starch: Impact of urea on cross-linking performance

Min, Yan; Yi, Jie; Dai, Rui; Liu, Wentao; Chen, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121247

Carbohydrate Polymers

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121247

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A novel efficient wet process for preparing cross-linked starch: Impact of urea on cross-linking performance

Yan Min,

Jie Yi,

Rui Dai

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 4 publications

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Exploring urea as a prospective auxiliary for starch functionalization: A concise review on modified starch properties and the sustainable packaging films

Sudheesh,

Varsha,

Siddiqui

et al. 2024

Food Chemistry

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Exploring urea as a prospective auxiliary for starch functionalization: A concise review on modified starch properties and the sustainable packaging films

Sudheesh,

Varsha,

Siddiqui

et al. 2024

Food Chemistry

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A synthesis of irradiated and vinyl acetate esterified starch accompanied with microstructural and macroscopic property analysis

Li,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Materials Today Communications

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Microwave-Assisted Carbamation and One-Pot Phosphorylation-Carbamation of Starch Using Molten Urea as a Reactive Solvent

Ravishankar,

Muthusamy,

Durai

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Resour. Manage.

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This study presents a rapid and convenient approach for the carbamation of starch through the microwave irradiation of its mixture with an excess of urea. In this process, urea served not only as a dielectrically lossy material conducive to microwave heating but also as a solvent in its molten state and a source of isocyanic acid. The formation of starch carbamate was confirmed by the appearance of ν(C�O) and ν(C−N) vibrations in the FTIR spectrum, along with the detection of a carbamate carbonyl signal in the 13 C NMR spectrum. The resultant derivative, with a degree of substitution of 0.71, exhibited exceptional coldwater solubility, resistance to retrogradation, and cold solubility in organic solvents such as DMSO, N,N-DMF, and DMAc. Additionally, this microwave-assisted technique could be modified to include other agents with urea. For example, introducing sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate to the starch-urea mixture led to simultaneous phosphorylation. Control experiments indicated that this concurrent phosphorylation-carbamation introduced phosphodiester linkages between the starch molecules in addition to carbamation, resulting in an absorbent material. This absorbent was capable of absorbing about 2200% of distilled water, even in its crude, unpurified form. This easy-to-synthesize absorbent, particularly in its crude form, holds immense promise in agriculture for providing combined nitrogen and phosphorus supplementation along with water retention.

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A novel efficient wet process for preparing cross-linked starch: Impact of urea on cross-linking performance

Cited by 4 publications

References 53 publications

Exploring urea as a prospective auxiliary for starch functionalization: A concise review on modified starch properties and the sustainable packaging films

Exploring urea as a prospective auxiliary for starch functionalization: A concise review on modified starch properties and the sustainable packaging films

A synthesis of irradiated and vinyl acetate esterified starch accompanied with microstructural and macroscopic property analysis

Microwave-Assisted Carbamation and One-Pot Phosphorylation-Carbamation of Starch Using Molten Urea as a Reactive Solvent

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