A Novel Dynamic Modeling Methodology for Boil-Off Gas Recondensers in Liquefied Natural Gas Terminals

Lee, Sang-Ho; Jeongwoo, Jeon; Lee, Ung; Lee, Chul‐Jin; Han, Chonghun

doi:10.1252/jcej.14we201

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Lee et al 59 conducted a dynamic simulation to calculate BOG generation during LNG unloading operations and suggested operational strategies to optimize the operating cost. Lee et al 60 developed a dynamic model of a recondenser to predict the correct LNG level in the storage tank. Jia et al 61 performed numerical simulations and experimental studies to understand the factors affecting heat transfer in BOG compressors.…”

Section: Receiving Terminalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Supply Chains: Recent Advances and Future Opportunities

Srinivasan,

Singh,

Deshpande

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Even as global economies shift away from a fossil-based energy mix to renewables, in many countries, the share of natural gas (NG) in their energy baskets is increasing. As the cleaner option among fossil fuels and given its widespread availability at scale, NG is expected to play a dominant role as the bridge fuel during the energy transition. NG is traded globally under cryogenic conditions as liquefied natural gas (LNG). The LNG supply chain comprises LNG exports, maritime transportation, imports, regasification, and distribution to various end users. This work provides a comprehensive review of the scientific advancements related to the overall LNG supply chain. In the last two decades, major developments have occurred in terminal modeling; process and energy optimization; safety, risk, and consequence assessments; and supply chain (SC) optimization. Our review reveals that the management of boil-off gas continues to be a core challenge, as reflected in the broad range of studies to model, control, and optimize this aspect. We conclude our review with insights on opportunities for future research, including SC resilience and operational efficiency. Finally, new-generation fuels such as hydrogen and its carriers are also often handled under cryogenic conditions. Therefore, research on their SCs should be informed by the literature on LNG SCs.

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Section: Receiving Terminalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lee et al conducted a dynamic simulation to calculate BOG generation during LNG unloading operations and suggested operational strategies to optimize the operating cost. Lee et al developed a dynamic model of a recondenser to predict the correct LNG level in the storage tank.…”

Section: Modeling and Simulation Of Lng Handling Facilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Supply Chains: Recent Advances and Future Opportunities

Srinivasan,

Singh,

Deshpande

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…As described in Section 1, the commercial software Aspen HYSYS is widely used for process dynamic simulation in the LNG industry, particularly in the field of BOG handling. It has been applied in many previous studies [18,[26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Code Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Optimization of Boil-Off Gas Generation for Different Time Limits in Liquid Natural Gas Bunkering

2019

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This study focus on the optimal time limit of ship-to-ship (STS) liquid natural gas (LNG) bunkering by dynamic simulation. Based on this, a mathematical model for calculating the boil-off gas (BOG) amount was developed. With respect to the modeling of the study, the diameter of the bunkering line is set as 8 inch while that of the BOG return pipeline is set as 4 inch to satisfy the pressure of the receiving ship and BOG generation. The capacities of the cargo tank and fuel tank for bunkering and receiving ships are set as 4538 m3 and 700 m3, respectively. The results indicated that the BOG amount with different LNG bunkering time limit is variable. The BOG flow rate varies inversely with respect to the bunkering time limit after 20 min. Additionally, it is necessary to control the bunkering time within 120 min since additional BOG is generated when the capacity of the pump exceeds 100,000 kg/h, and thus the tank pressure difference between bunkering and receiving ship may be reduced. It is believed that the results of the research could provide feasible assistance for STS LNG bunkering for the ports, and could give a specific guideline for the amount of the BOG generation.

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“…Yang et al designed a process to condense the double-stage pre-cooled and compressed BOG with the aim of minimizing the total power consumption [24]. Lee et al proposed a dynamic modelling method to simulate a BOG recondenser with variable flash efficiency in a non-equilibrium state [25]. The BOG (Stream 1) enters the heat exchanger (HX-102), where it is cooled and liquefied with the counter-current cold nitrogen (Stream 9).…”

Section: Options To Treat Boil-off Gas (Bog)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Boil-Off Gas Re-Liquefaction Using a Spray Recondenser for Liquefied Natural-Gas Bunkering Operations

et al. 2016

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This study presents the design of a novel boil-off gas (BOG) re-liquefaction technology using a BOG recondenser system. The BOG recondenser system targets the liquefied natural gas (LNG) bunkering operation, in which the BOG phase transition occurs in a pressure vessel instead of a heat exchanger. The BOG that is generated during LNG bunkering operation is characterized as an intermittent flow with various peak loads. The system was designed to temporarily store the transient BOG inflow, condense it with subcooled LNG and store the condensed liquid. The superiority of the system was verified by comparing it with the most extensively employed conventional re-liquefaction system in terms of consumption energy and via an exergy analysis. Static simulations were conducted for three compositions; the results indicated that the proposed system provided 0 to 6.9% higher efficiencies. The exergy analysis indicates that the useful work of the conventional system is 24.9%, and the useful work of the proposed system is 26.0%. Process dynamic simulations of six cases were also performed to verify the behaviour of the BOG recondenser system. The results show that the pressure of the holdup in the recondenser vessel increased during the BOG inflow mode and decreased during the initialization mode. The maximum pressure of one of the bunkering cases was 3.45 bar. The system encountered a challenge during repetitive operations due to overpressurizing of the BOG recondenser vessel.

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A Novel Dynamic Modeling Methodology for Boil-Off Gas Recondensers in Liquefied Natural Gas Terminals

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Supply Chains: Recent Advances and Future Opportunities

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Supply Chains: Recent Advances and Future Opportunities

Dynamic Optimization of Boil-Off Gas Generation for Different Time Limits in Liquid Natural Gas Bunkering

A Novel Boil-Off Gas Re-Liquefaction Using a Spray Recondenser for Liquefied Natural-Gas Bunkering Operations

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