A Novel Dispatching Control Strategy for EVs Intelligent Integrated Stations

Abstract

In order to provide a cost-effective solution for accommodating the increasing electric vehicles (EVs) and maximizing their benefits to the grid, a novel EV intelligent integrated station (IIS) making full use of ex-service batteries, is proposed in this paper. It first presents the framework and characteristics of IISs by describing its components, including a dispatching center, multipurpose converter devices, a charge exchange system, and an echelon battery system. The grid status, batteries exchanging requests, and energy capacity of IISs are monitored timely to offer inputs for its optimal operation. The concept of generalized energy is thereby introduced to systematically understand the energy/power flow between IISs and EVs, as well as between IISs and power grids. Then, a novel charging and discharging control strategy for managing EVs is presented. Compared with existing approaches, the proposed control strategy can offer peak load shifting when meeting EV battery charging/exchanging requests. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and benefits of the control strategy in terms of providing peak load shifting for the power grid. This integrated station concept can maximize the benefits of EVs, and the retired batteries more flexibly and effectively.Index Terms-Electric vehicle (EV), generalized energy, intelligent integrated station (IIS), optimal charging, smart grid.

Study on EV Charging Peak Reduction with V2G Utilizing Idle Charging Stations: The Jeju Island Case

“…It expresses why the EV peak power is reduced with the relative EV station supply ratio reduction in Figure 9a. If the EV station is less supplied than the plan, the mean arrival rate of an EV, λ, will increase and the average waiting time for EV charging would grow exponentially according to (9). However, if the supply of the EV station is spread more than 90% of the current plan, the average waiting time for EV charging will increase by less than 50% (from 0.07 min to 0.1 min).…”

“…Research related to EV operating algorithms has addressed operating optimal charge/discharge processes through power system analysis [9], economic operating algorithms for photovoltaic (PV) categories: business, freight and special vehicles, rental cars, buses, and taxis; their anticipated proportions of the total number of vehicles in 2030 are 62%, 22%, 9%, 6%, and 1%, respectively [1]. As of September 2017, the number of EVs deployed was 8242, which represents 2.25% of the 366,713 total number of registered vehicles.…”

A bi-layer optimization based temporal and spatial scheduling for large-scale electric vehicles

“…There is a certain amount of charging piles in each node and so the maximal number of EVs connected to the grid is limited by: (27) where ,max N  is the number of charging piles in node .…”

“…Literature [26] developed a management method considering load demand for electric vehicle charging. Literature [27] proposed a novel model of EV intelligent integrated station(IIS) and a new method for optimal operation of IISs to offer efficient batteries charging and exchange. In literature [28], an EV charging station equipped with photovoltaic panels, fuel cell, and energy storage system was proposed and an algorithm for economic dispatch of the controllable resources in such a station was presented.…”

Intelligent Energy Management Algorithms for EV-charging Scheduling with Consideration of Multiple EV Charging Modes

“…Meanwhile, it is also impossible to upgrade current power facilities for the accommodation of EV penetration, due to the expensive investment. As a more economical and attractive alternative, smart scheduling strategies can be employed to postpone the construction of power infrastructures to support EV charging demand, through which the goal of wise load regulation as well as economic benefits can be reached [8][9][10]. Nevertheless, owing to the differences in operational characteristics between EV and the power system, smart EV scheduling becomes a rather complex task that must rely on an efficient and robust charging algorithm [11].…”