A sample-grating distributed Bragg reflector (SG-DBR) laser with 18 preprogrammed channels operating at 1540-1580 nm is characterized and compared for use as a source of tunable diode laser gas absorption spectroscopy. Two gases, CO and CO2, were targeted in this study by direct absorption spectroscopy and wavelength modulation spectroscopy with second-harmonic detection. In addition, the detectability of sample optical thickness is reported. Potential extensions of this research in the future are assessed using the SG-DBR diode laser as a source for tunable diode laser gas absorption spectroscopy.