A novel cucumber albino mutant caused by chloroplast development deficiency

Abstract

Background Photosynthesis is a fundamental process for plant growth and development dependent on a precise network, including formation of chloroplast and chlorophyll synthesis. Chloroplast development deficiency could lead to albinism in higher plant. Results Here, we report a cucumber albino recessive mutant that processed white cotyledons under light condition and is unable to produce first true leaf. Meanwhile, albino mutant could grow out creamy green cotyledons under dark condition but died after exposing to light. Using fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscope (TEM), impaired chloroplasts were observed. We identified 7 and 3 differentially expressed genes (DEG) involved in Chlorophyll metabolism and Methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway through transcriptome analysis, respectively. We also examined the reported homologous genes for albino mutants from other plants. Two of 12 genes, TOC159 and DXS1, were up-regulated in cucumber albino mutants as well. The reliability of RNA sequencing results were further confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Conclusions Taken together, we elaborate the differences between albino mutant and normal seedlings from a single cucumber progeny. This mutant is a new material to study protoplast development.

Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal coloration molecular mechanisms in four rapeseed petals with different color

“…Metabolomics analysis is often combined with transcriptomics analysis to further study the mechanism of regulating petal color formation [29,30]. Several active biological pathways linked to flower coloration formation were found in the colorful rapeseed petals.…”

Transformation of Long-Lived Albino Epipremnum aureum ‘Golden Pothos’ and Restoring Chloroplast Development

“…The present study demonstrates that albino plants regenerated from E. aureum ‘Golden Pothos’ are long-lived when maintained in a modified MS culture medium under low light conditions ( Figure 1 ). Albino plants occur in a wide range of plants including Arabidopsis ( Ruppel et al, 2011 ), maize ( Han et al, 1992 ; Hunter et al, 2018 ), barley ( Hess et al, 1994 ; Li et al, 2019 ), rice ( Liu et al, 2016 ; Zhang et al, 2016 ), tomato ( García-Alcázar et al, 2017 ), Agave ( Duarte-Aké et al, 2016 ; Us-Camas et al, 2017 ), Artemisia vulgaris ( Knudson and Lindstrom, 1919 ; Spoehr, 1942 ), Sequioa sempervirens ( Pittermann et al, 2018 ), Cucumis sativus ( Yan et al, 2020 ), and Pyrola japonica ( Shutoh et al, 2020 ). However, none was reported to have extended life span as the albino pothos.…”

Integrating physiology, genetics, and transcriptome to decipher a new thermo-sensitive and light-sensitive virescent leaf gene mutant in cucumber

“…Cucumber has many leaf color mutants, including chlorophyll deficient (cd) , light-sensitive (ls) , pale lethal (pl) , golden leaf (g) , golden cotyledon (gc) , yellow cotyledons-1 (yc-1) , yellow cotyledons-2 (yc-2) , yellow plant (yp) , yellow stem (ys) , light green cotyledons-1 (lg-1) , light green cotyledons-2 (lg-2) , virescent (v) , and variegated virescent ( vvi ; Pierce and Wehner, 1990 ). Others include virescent-1 ( v-1 ; Miao et al, 2016 ), virescent-yellow leaf ( vyl ; Song et al, 2018 ), variegated leaf ( vl ; Cao et al, 2018 ), yellow-green leaf ( yg1 ; Ding et al, 2019 ), virescent-2 ( v-2 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ), yellow young leaf-1 ( yyl-1 ; Hu et al, 2020 ), yellow leaf 2.1 ( yl2.1 ; Xiong et al, 2020 ), and albino ( Yan et al, 2020 ).…”